Period 2 Ideas Flashcards
Aristocracy
A kind of government where power is put into the hands of the wealthy privileged class. (ex: merchants in the colonies)
British West Indies
The English founded many settlements in the Caribbean these became to be known as the British West Indies.
Cash Crop
A crop that is grown to produce profit rather than for personal use.
Catholicism
Also known as the Catholic Church, is the largest Christian relgion.
Cereal Crop
Crops that were used to make bread. Wheat, rye, barley, oat, rice, maize, and sorhgum.
charter
a document that’s written by a state that says how a certain company is to operate.
chattel slavery
Idea that one person lives in complete ownership of another.
Chesapeake
The region of Virginia and Maryland. In contrast to New England, this region was distinguished by indentured servants, cash crops, and African slavery.
colonization
The act of setting up a colony away from one’s place of origin.
Dutch colonization in North America
The Dutch establish a fur trading post in New York in 1609. Created positive relations with the surrounding Natives. Moved to current-day Manhattan Island and named it New Amsterdam.
The Enlightenment
A philosophical movement that traveled around Europe in the 1700s centered around logical thinking, legitimacy, and reasoning was the primary source of authority.
Franchise
The right to vote
French colonization in North America
Originally settled in Canada and established Quebec. Where there mainly for the fur trade. Later claimed Louisana as their own.
Indentured Servant
Contract in England where poor landless people would agree to work for a set amount of years in exchange for acres of land. This was essential to most colonies as their economy depended on labor.
Indigo
Introduced in South Carolina where it became the second-largest cash crop. It was used as a dye and a major export to England.
Mercantilism
An economic system where the economy should be controlled by the government and maintain wealth in the empire. Based on how much gold and silver a country has.
Middle Colonies
New York, Delaware, New Jersey, and Pennsylvannia
New England
A union and included several colonies formed by King James II
planter aristocracy
The large-scale planters owned more than 50 slaves.
Predestination
The idea that God has already assigned some people to go to heaven and others to go to hell.
Protestantism
A branch of Christianity that formed because of the protestant reformation.
Protestant Work Ethic
The idea that there is a value attached to hard work
rice
Cash crop most popular in South Carolina and Georgia. Used to feed the slaves in the West Indies.
Southern colonies
Virginia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia
Spanish colonization in North America
Conquer Florida and parts of New Mexico but just not have enough power to be spread that far.
Subsistence Farmers
Farmers who grew for themselves and not for profit
Sugar Plantains
The economic backbone of West Indies and South colonies. Generated lots of revenue but required lots of labor of slaves. Caused landowners to gain power.
Tobacco
Virginia’s most successful cash crop. John Rolfe was a successor.
