Period 1 vocab Flashcards
Imperial Bureaucracy
Large government that continued in China from 221 B.C.E. until 1911. Government officials were selected from the civil service exam.
Civil Service Exam
A strict exam young men took if they wanted a job in the Chinese government, based on Confucianism.
Filial Piety
Respect to elders/ancestors in Confucianism.
Neo-Confucianism
A combination of mostly Confucianism and some Taoist and Buddhist ideas into one. This religion was called Syncretic and was popular in the Song Dynasty and spread to other East Asian states.
Commercialized
Selling commercial goods for the main principal goal of making money.
Proto-industrialization
Families and communal groups of artisans mass-produced goods by hand with simple tools. This occurred in China during the Song Dynasty and later allowed China to produce/trade large amounts of goods like Porcelain, slik, and steel.
Champa Rice
Champa Rice was given to China in tribute and massively loaded and improved China’s production and population.
Grand Canal
Cheap man-made Chinese waterway that extends for 30,000 miles. The first construction started during the Sui dynasty and then to their extent through many other dynasties including Song. This resulted in a huge economic growth.
Abbasid Caliphate
A huge Islamic state, that ruled from 750-1258 across North Africa, the Middle East and parts of Europe. Ruled during the “Islamic Golden Age” and was known for the center of learning, culture, and trade.
Turkic states
Many states controlled by the ethnic Turks such as the Mamluks, Seljuks, Delhi Sultanate and Ottomans. They replaced the Abbasid Caliphate and Islamic world split into smaller states.
Sufis
Mystic sect of Islam which seeks a direct and personal connection with God. It spread easily and contributed massively to Muslim missionary efforts.
House of Wisdom
Renowned center of learning in Baghdad under the Abbasid Caliphate.
Bhakti Movement
A mystic sect of Hinduism, where Hindus focused on developing strong attachments to a specific God or Goddess rather than emphasizing texts and rituals.
Afro-Eurasia
The landmass that includes the continents of Africa, Europe, and Asia.
The Americas
The landmass that includes the continents of North and South Americas.
Silk roads
A major land-based trade system that existed approximately 130 B.C.E. until the 15th century that crossed Eurasia, connecting states from as far as China to Europe.
Interregional trade
The exchange of goods, services, and ideas between different regions (also known as the long-distance trade).
Caravan
Group of travelers, merchants, or traders traveling together in a group for safety, mutual support, and efficient transportation of goods across land routes (especially deserts).
Caravanserai
Inns that sprang up every 100 miles that offered a place where travelers and their animals could rest and resupply.
Flying cash
A government-created system of credit allows a merchant to deposit paper money under their name and withdraw the same amount at another location (a precursor to modern banking).
Mongol Khanates
4 states that formed after the fracturing of the united Mongol Empire, each ruled by a different descendant of Genghis Khan: Ilkhanate in the Middle East, Golden Horde in Russia, Chagatai Khanate in Central Asia and Yuan dynasty in China.
Magnetic compass
A navigational instrument that utilizes Earth’s magnetic field to determine direction.
Astrolabe
This device allowed sailors to determine how far north or south they were from the equator.
Junk ship
A large Chinese sailing vessel that has been used for centuries in maritime trade, fishing, and exploration.
Diasporic communities
Settlements of people away from their homeland. In these communities, settlers introduce their own cultural traditions into indigenous cultures, leading to cultural blending.
Zheng He
A Muslim Chinese admiral who was sent on seven great voyages in the Indian Ocean where the main goal was to show the might of the Ming dynasty & receive tribute from the people he met (fleet of 300 ships carrying 28,000 people).
Monsoon winds
A seasonal change in the direction of winds, most often associated with the Indian Ocean.
Ibn Battuta
A Moroccan Muslim scholar and explorer who is widely known for the extensive travels throughout the Islamic world and beyond during the 14th century (30 years of travel through Central Asia, China, Spain, North America & Mali).
Marco Polo
An Italian merchant, explorer, and traveler who is renowned for his extensive journey to Asia during the 13th century (claimed to have visited Mongol court of Kublai Kai in China).
Bubonic plague
An infection spread mostly to humans by infected fleas that travel on rodents. Also called the Black Death, it killed millions of people across Afro-Eurasia during the Middle East.
Religious Syncretism
A combination of different religious beliefs and practices, forming a new religion.
