Period 1 (1492-1607) Flashcards
What is the historical context for the diverse Native American cultures in the 1490’s?
The different geography and climate across the Americas
What is the historical context for European exploration in the Americas from 1490-early 1600s?
- Finding trade routes to Asia
- Gold/silver mines
- Fur trading
- Plantations
What is the historical context for the interactions between Native Americans and Europeans in the period 1490-1607?
Europeans depended on Natives and enslaved Africans for labor
Maya
Located: Yucatan Peninsula
Food supply: Maize
Aztecs
Location: Tenochtitlan (the capital)
Food supply: Maize
- Size of a large European city
- POWERFUL EMPIRE!!!
Incas
Location: Modern day Peru
Food Supply: Potatoes
- Vast empire
What were some similarities between the Maya, Aztecs and Incas?
- Observed different calendars
- Extensive trade
- Highly organized societies
- Stable food supplies
What 3 motives prompted European exploration?
- Glory (fame and authority)
- God (religion)
- Gold (economy)
Protestant Reformation
A religious movement to break up the Catholic church which lead to religious conflict
- Also motivated to spread religion
Slave Trade
The Porteguese began trading for slaves in western Africa when sailing to the new world
Why? ~ Slaves were used as workers in western Africa for sugar plantations (very profitable)
Line of Demarcation
There were disagreements between Spain and Porteguese on what part of the Americas they will claim SO the Pope “drew” a vertical north to south line to settle that
Spain-> left side
Portugal-> right side
Treaty of Tordesillas
In 1494, the Spanish/Porteguese signed an agreement to shift the Line of Demarcation to the west, this was called the Treaty of Tordesillas
What technology was created in the Renaissance?
Explosives, compass and printing press
Compass
- Invented by Arab merchants / Chinese
- Motivated more exploration and better navigation
Printing Press
Aided the spread of knowledge in Europe / world