Period 1 (1450-1648)

Question 1

Italian Renaissance

Answer 1

More secular
Revival of classical styles and ideas such as humanism
Civic Humanism

Question 2

Northern Renaissance

Answer 2

More Christian
Occurred in Italy and outside of Italy as well
Focused on daily peasant life and valued simple living
Renaissance movements in Germany, France, England, Netherlands, Poland

Question 3

Er

Answer 3

Massacio, Michelangelo, Raphael, Botticelii
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Question 4

Northern Renaissance Art

Answer 4

The prevalence of gothic cathedrals with stained glass windows
Illuminated manuscripts and wooden panel painting for altarpieces
Depicted everyday life

Question 5

Christian Humanism

Answer 5

Main goal of was to reform Christianity and was founded by reading works of classical antiquity

Question 6

Erasmus

Answer 6

believed Christianity should be a philosophy (control should be taken away from the church)
Edited the New Testament with what he believed to be better translations
Wanted reform, not a complete break away from the Church

Question 7

Sir Thomas More

Answer 7

Killed by Henry VIII because he opposed the break with the Roman Catholic Church
Remained loyal to the Catholic Church until his death

Question 8

Mysticism

Answer 8

Personal and deeply emotional relationship with god
Did not need church officials to act as “middleman” in communicating with Jesus

Question 9

Henry VIII Act of Supremacy; Anglican Church

Answer 9

Henry wanted to divorce his wife (Mistress Anne Boleyn was pregnant and he wanted the child to be legitimate) but the Pope would not allow this
Broke away from the Catholic Church and established the Church of England (Anglican Church)

Question 10

Act of Supremacy

Answer 10

Defined Henry VIII the right to be the supreme head on earth of the Church of England

Question 11

Treason Act

Answer 11

It became illegal to deny that the Church of England was the state religion

Question 12

Tetzel Indulgences

Answer 12

indulgences to fund St. Peter’s Basilica

Question 13

Martin Luther

Answer 13

Against Pope Johannes Tetzel’s use of indulgences
95 Theses, printing press

Question 14

Leipzig Debate 1519

Answer 14

Debate between Luther and John Eck
Free will and papacy were the two main theses of the debate
Luther denied the authority of popes/councils and published 3 pamphlets that moved towards a more definite break

Question 15

Edict of Worms 1521

Answer 15

Luther was excommunicated
Got support from German princes
Luther translated the New Testament into German and began to think up Lutheranism

Question 16

Protestant Reformation

Answer 16

Lutheranism - Faith Alone
Calvinism - Geneva,
Anabaptism - no baptizing infants
Zwinglianism
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Question 18

Catholic Reformation/ Counter Ref