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AU '18 - Peds III exam III > Perio in Pediatrics - part 2 > Flashcards

Perio in Pediatrics - part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

localized aggressive periodontitis (LPP)

A

localized loss of attachment in the PRIMARY dentition

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2
Q

who is affected by localized aggressive periodontitis (LPP)?

A

occurs in children w/o evidence of systemic disease

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3
Q

where does localized aggressive periodontitis (LPP) most commonly manifest?

A

in molar area

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4
Q

which race is most commonly affected by localized aggressive periodontitis (LPP) in US?

A

African-Americans

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5
Q

clinical features of localized aggressive periodontitis (LPP)

A
  1. localized, usually bilaterally symmetrical, loss of attachment
  2. heavier than average plaque deposits
  3. mild to moderate inflammation
  4. calculus may be present
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6
Q

when is localized aggressive periodontitis (LPP) commonly 1st dx’d?

A

in late primary dentition or early transitional dentition

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7
Q

what causes localized aggressive periodontitis (LPP)?

A

believed to be result of bacterial infection combined with specific, but minor, host immunologic deficits

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8
Q

tx of localized aggressive periodontitis (LPP)

A

abx therapy combined with debridement

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9
Q

why is tetracycline contraindicated for tx’ing localized aggressive periodontitis (LPP)?

A

because of potential for staining of developing permanent teeth

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10
Q

abx used to tx localized aggressive periodontitis (LPP)

A
  1. metronidazole and amoxicillin

2. azithromycin

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11
Q

defects in immune system that result in susceptibility to infection

A

neutropenia

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12
Q

hypophosphatasia causes developmental defects in what?

A

attachment apparatus

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13
Q

leukemia

A

invasion of neoplastic cells

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14
Q

T/F: there is increased risk and earlier onset of periodontitis in diabetes mellitus types 1 & 2

A

true

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15
Q

what percent of teenagers with type 1 diabetes have significant perio disease?

A

10-15%

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16
Q

T/F: poor metabolic control increases risk of periodontitis and periodontitis may worsen glycemic control in diabetic pts

A

true

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17
Q

Down syndrome

A

3 copies of chromosome 21

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18
Q

T/F: pts with Down syndrome have high plaque levels but severity of perio disease out of proportion to local factors

A

true

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19
Q

various minor immune deficits particularly what may be responsible for increased susceptibility to periodontitis in Down syndrome pts

A

neutrophil fxn

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20
Q

what is common in Down syndrome pts?

A

shallow anterior mandibular vestibule and frenum pull

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21
Q

hypophosphatasia

A

genetic disorder in which enzyme, bone alkaline phosphatase is deficient or defective

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22
Q

how is hypophosphatasia dx’d?

A

by finding low alkaline phosphatase levels in serum sample

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23
Q

in mild forms of hypophosphatasia, what may be the 1st clinical sign?

A

loss of primary teeth

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24
Q

early tooth loss is result of what in pts with hypophosphatasia?

A

result of defective cementum formation that results in weakened attachment of tooth to bone

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25
Q

T/F: roots of pts with hypophosphatasia are resorbed

A

false, not resorbed

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26
Q

T/F: teeth of pts with hypophosphatasia are affected in the order of formation so that those that form the earliest are most likely to be involved and the most severely affected

A

true

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27
Q

when are primary incisors exfoliated?

A

at 1-2 years of age

28
Q

T/F: permanent dentition may be normal for pts with hypophosphatasia

A

true

29
Q

who is affected by hypophosphatasia?

A

fair Caucasian children

30
Q

leukocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD)

A

group of rare, recessive genetic syndromes affects how white blood cells (leukocytes) respond and travel to site of wound or infection

31
Q

leukocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD) is susceptible to what?

A

bacterial infections

32
Q

clinical features of leukocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD)

A
  1. absence of pus at infection sites
  2. recurrent otitis media and other bacterial infections of soft tissues
  3. perio disease symptoms manifested in primary dentition
  4. inflammation and bone loss
33
Q

what can be curative of leukocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD)?

A

bone marrow transplant

34
Q

neutropenia

A

suppressed neutrophil counts in blood and bone marrow

35
Q

how is neutropenia dx’d?

A

depressed neutrophils count on differential blood count

36
Q

clinical features of neutropenia

A

increased susceptibility to recurrent infections

  1. severe gingivitis and pronounced alveolar bone loss
  2. rapidly progressing
37
Q

tx for neutropenia

A

rigorous local measures to control plaque

38
Q

T/F: Papillon-LeFèvre syndrome is a rare genetic disorder

A

true

39
Q

clinical features of Papillon-LeFèvre syndrome

A
  1. severe inflammation and rapid bone loss characteristic

2. easily identified hyperkeratosis of the palms of the hands and soles of feet

40
Q

tx for Papillon-LeFèvre syndrome

A
  1. consist of aggressive local measures to control plaque

2. successful tx outcomes in children have been reported with antibiotic therapy

41
Q

Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (LCH)

A

rare disorder of childhood that has infiltration of bones, skin, liver and other organs with hystiocytes

42
Q

10-20% of Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (LCH) cases have initial infiltrates occur where?

A

jaw usually mandible

43
Q

clinical features of Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (LCH)

A
  1. gingival enlargement
  2. ulceration
  3. mobility of teeth with alveolar expansion
  4. discreet, destructive lesions of bone on radiographs
44
Q

how might Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (LCH) appear on radiographs?

A

teeth may be left “floating in air” and eventually exfoliated

45
Q

what might Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (LCH) be mistaken for?

A

prepubertal periodontitis

46
Q

how is Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (LCH) diagnosed?

A

bx

47
Q

tx for Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (LCH)

A
  1. local measures such as radiatio nand surgery to remove lesions
  2. systemic chemotherapy for disseminated cases
48
Q

px for disseminated early onset of Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (LCH)

A

guarded

49
Q

px of mild, localized Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (LCH)

A

excellent

50
Q

what is the most common form of childhood cancer?

A

leukemia

51
Q

what is the most common leukemia?

A

acute lymphoblastic leukemias (ALL)

52
Q

T/F: acute lymphoblastic leukemias (ALL) has the best px

A

true

53
Q

acute myeloid leukemia (AML) accounts for what percent of childhood leukemias?

A

20%

54
Q

T/F: acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has poorer longterm survival rate

A

true

55
Q

acute myeloid leukemia (AML) but not acute lymphoblastic leukemias (ALL) may present with what?

A

gingival enlargement caused by infiltrates of leukemic cells

56
Q

clinical features of AML and ALL

A
  1. lesions are bluish red and may invade bone

2. pt may have fever, malaise, gingival or other bleeding and bone or joint pain

57
Q

how is acute myeloid leukemia (AML) dx’d?

A

by complete blood cell count

58
Q

T/F: calculus not as common in young pts as in adults

A

true

59
Q

calculus is present in what percent of children and teenagers?

A

~10% of children and approx. 1/3 of teenagers

60
Q

what are the most common sites for calculus?

A
  1. lingual of mand incisors

2. buccal of maxillary molars

61
Q

probing which teeth provides screening for LJP?

A

permanent incisors and 1st permanent molars

62
Q

erupting teeth can be probed all the way down to where?

A

CEJ

63
Q

T/F: transient deep pockets are a normal finding in transitional dentition

A

true

64
Q

transient deep pockets can be distinguished from true attachment loss by locating what?

A

CEJ

65
Q

what is the normal crestal height in children?

A

1-2 mm of CEJ

AU '18 - Peds III exam III (12 decks)

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