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Lung and Thorax > Pericardium and Heart > Flashcards

Pericardium and Heart Flashcards

1
Q

Lateral Cutaneous Nerve 3-6 or 7

A

Innervates Breast

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2
Q

Anterior Cutaneous nerve 2-6 or 7

A

Innervates Breast

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3
Q

12 Thoracic Nerves

A

innervate intercostal muscles, 11 intercostal, 1 subcostal derived from thoracic vertebrae

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4
Q

Supraclavicular nerve

A

innervates breast; derived from cervical plexus

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5
Q

Right coronary artery

A

gives off right marginal artery and posterior inter ventricular artery, SA node artery and AV node artery

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6
Q

Left coronary artery

A

gives off LAD, circumflex, diagonal and left marginal artery

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7
Q

Cardiac veins

A

coronary sinus, great cardiac vein, middle cardiac vein, small cardiac vein, anterior cardiac vein

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8
Q

Nerves to heart

A

T1-T4 branches from sympathetic trunk, right and left vagus nerve are parasympathetic. Heart also receives input from cardiac plexus.

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9
Q

Epicardium

A

Serous visceral layer of pericardium, covers epicardial fat and myocardium

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10
Q

Myocardium

A

Thick middle layer between the epicardium and the endocardium consisting of cardiac muscle

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11
Q

Endocardium

A

Thin endothelial membrane that lines heart chambers including valves. Susceptible to ischemia and endocarditis. It has few collateral connections and is perfused by vessels that have to pass through contracting myocardium layers

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12
Q

Where to hear aortic valve sound

A

2nd RIGHT intercostal space

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13
Q

Where to hear pulmonary valve sound

A

2nd LEFT intercostal space

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14
Q

Where to hear tricuspid valve sound

A

Body of sternum

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15
Q

Where to hear mitral valve sound

A

Apex of heart (5th left intercostal space)

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16
Q

SA node

A

Found in sulcus terminalis which is intersection of right atrium and superior vena cava, pacemaker of heart

17
Q

AV node

A

Found in wall of right atrium, provides left and right bundle branches that travel down IV septum. Right branch is thicker and bigger and passes through moderator band

18
Q

Pericardiophrenic Ligament

A

Attaches fibrous pericardium to the diaphragm, allowing it to move heart up and down with movements of diaphragm during respiration.

19
Q

Pericardiocentesis

A

Removes fluid from oblique and transverse sinuses! Parasternal or subxiphoid approach

20
Q

Right dominance variation of coronary arteries

A

The right coronary artery may be very large and produce part of the LAD

21
Q

Left dominance variation of coronary arteries

A

The left coronary artery may be very large and produce part of the posterior interventricular artery

22
Q

Anterior cardiac veins

A

The only coronary veins that go directly to the right atrium and bypass the coronary sinus. These are bringing in blood from the right ventricle.

23
Q

Tricuspid cusps

A

Anterior, posterior, septal

24
Q

Bicuspid (Mitral) cusps

A

anterior and posterior

25
Q

Pulmonary valve cusps

A

right, left, and anterior

26
Q

Aortic valve cusps

A

Right, left, posterior.

27
Q

Trigones

A

Fibrous support for valves. These are thickened areas between the rings of different valves that support and insulate the atria.

28
Q

Superior border of heart

A

Between 2nd Left costal cartilage and 3rd Right costal cartilage

29
Q

Right border of heart

A

Between 3rd right costal cartilage and 6th right costal cartilage

30
Q

Inferior border of heart

A

Between 6th right costal cartilage and 5th left intercostal space at midclavicular line

31
Q

Left border of heart

A

Line between 2nd left costal cartilage and 5th left intercostal space

32
Q

Aortic Valve area for auscultation

A

2nd intercostal space to the right of the sternal border

33
Q

Pulmonary Valve area for auscultation

A

2nd intercostal space to the left of the sternal border

34
Q

Tricuspid Valve area for auscultation

A

Left Sternal Border in 5th or 6th intercostal space

35
Q

Mitral Valve

A

Apex of heart in 5th intercostal space in midclavicular line

Lung and Thorax (4 decks)

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