Peri-radicular area

Question 1

describe the trabeculla pattern in the mandible. 3 points

Answer 1

1. thick
2. close together
3. horizontally aligned

Question 2

describe the trabeculla patten in the maxilla. 3 points

Answer 2

1. thinner/finer
2. more widely spread
3. no obvious alignment pattern

Question 3

the 3 main features in a healthy peri-radicular area are…

Answer 3

1. radiolucent line (pdl space)
2. radiopaque line (lamina dura)
3. trabeculla pattern and density of surrounding bone

Question 4

the lamina dura is thicker/thinner than trabecular bone?

Answer 4

thicker

Question 5

two features of the lamina dura that does not necessarily indicate disease

Answer 5

1. may not be at 90 degrees

2. doesn’t have a sharp edge

Question 6

you may not get the 3 features of the peri-radicular area due to…3 points

Answer 6

1 contrast
2 resolution
3 superimposition

Question 7

What can be seen on a radiograph with initial acute inflammation?

Answer 7

• no apparent changes OR

- possible widening of the radiolucent line/pdl space

Question 8

what can be seen on a radiograph with initial spread of inflammation?

Answer 8

loss of lamina dura (radiopaque line) at the apex

Question 9

what can be seen on a radiograph with further spread of acute inflammation?

Answer 9

periapical bone loss - ill defined area of apical radiolucency

Question 10

what causes the destruction of bone?

Answer 10

the osteoclasts in the inflammatory response

Question 11

what can be seen radiographically in the initial chronic inflammation?

Answer 11

• no bone destruction OR

- dense sclerotic bone periapically (sclerosing osteitis)

Question 12

what can be seen radiographically in the long standing chronic inflammation? 4 things

Answer 12

1. circumcised &
2. well defined &
3. radiolucent area periapically
4. sclerotic bone surrounding

Question 13

why does the body make sclerotic bone?

Answer 13

in an attempt to keep the bone loss localised

Question 14

what does the sclerotic bone actually do?

Answer 14

obstructs the blood flow

Question 15

what can sclerosing osteitis also be known as and in which situation?

Answer 15

rarefying osteitis if there is radiolucency present

Question 16

if there is lots of inflammation in the mandible what is enhanced?

Answer 16

the Inferior dental canal

Question 17

name the two types of cyst formation?

Answer 17

1. residual cyst

2. radicular cyst

Question 18

what is a residual cyst?

Answer 18

a cyst at the apex where the root has been resorbed

Question 19

what is a radicular cyst?

Answer 19

a cyst at the apex where the root is still present

Question 20

what are features of a cyst radiographically?

Answer 20

• corticated margins (looks white)

- forms in line with lamina dura

Question 21

if no cortical margin in a cyst then what is it called?

Answer 21

apical granuloma

Question 22

what are the 2 treatment options if a cyst is present?

Answer 22

1. extraction

2. RCT

Question 23

how to take a radiograph when a multi-rooted tooth needs and RCT and what is the disadvantage of this

Answer 23

use the bisected angle technique in order to take separate radiographs of each root.
disadvantage = inaccurate measurements due to increased magnification