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MEDSURG OXYGENATION > PERFUSION > Flashcards

PERFUSION Flashcards

1
Q

transported from the lungs to the tissues

A

OXYGEN TRANSPORT

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2
Q

_% of O2 combines with RBC Hemoglobin

A

97%

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3
Q

__ is carried to tissues

A

OXYHEMOGLOBIN

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4
Q

remaining O2 is dissolved and transported in __ and __

A

PLASMA AND CELLS

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5
Q

O2 Carrying capacity of blood is expressed by:

A
  • RED BLOOD CELLS
  • HEMATOCRIT
  • HEMOGLOBIN
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6
Q

Carbon Dioxide Transport
Must be transported from __ to __

A

TISSUES TO LUNGS

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7
Q

Carbon Dioxide Transport
Continually produced in the process of __

A

CELL METABOLISM

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8
Q

Carbon Dioxide Transport
carried inside RBCs as bicarbonate _%

A

65%

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9
Q

Carbon Dioxide Transport
- combines with Hemoglobin: Carboxyhemoglobin _%

A

30%

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10
Q

Carbon Dioxide Transport
- transported in plasma as carbonic acid _%

A

5%

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11
Q

GIVE 3 COMMON MANIFESTATIONS OF IMPAIRED RESPIRATORY FUNCTION

A
  • HYPOXIA
  • ALTERED BREATHING PATTERNS
  • OBSTRUCTED OR PARTIALLY OBSTRUCTED AIRWAY
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12
Q
  • insufficient amount of oxygen in tissues
  • rapid pulse
  • rapid, shallow respirations, and dyspnea
  • increased restlessness or lightheadedness
  • flaring of nares
  • cyanosis
A

HYPOXIA

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13
Q

[ABNORMAL RESPIRATORY PATTERNS]
rapid rate

A

TACHYPNEA

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14
Q

[ABNORMAL RESPIRATORY PATTERNS]
abnormally slow rate

A

BRADYPNEA

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15
Q

[ABNORMAL RESPIRATORY PATTERNS]
cessation of breathing

A

APNEA

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16
Q

[ABNORMAL RESPIRATORY PATTERNS]
labored breathing

A

KUSSMAUL’S BREATHING

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17
Q

[ABNORMAL RESPIRATORY PATTERNS]
abnormal pattern of breathing characterized by groups of:
- quick
- shallow respirations
then followed by regular or irregular periods of apnea

A

BIOT RESPIRATORY PATTERN

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18
Q

[ABNORMAL RESPIRATORY PATTERNS]
near death breathing pattern

A

CHEYNE-STOKES

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19
Q
  • is the sensation of breathlessness in a recumbent position
  • relieved by sitting or standing
A

ORTHOPNEA

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20
Q

6P’s of Dyspnea

A
  • Possible foreign body
  • Pulmonary bronchial constriction
  • Pulmonary embolus
  • Pneumothorax
  • Pump failure
  • Pneumonia
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21
Q

low pitched snoring during inhalation

A

PARTIAL OBSTRUCTION

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22
Q

extreme inspiratory effort with no chest movement

A

COMPLETE OBSTRUCTION

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23
Q
  • AKA ischemic heart disease
  • caused by plaque buildup in the walls of the arteries
  • causes: overweight, physical inactivity, unhealthy eating, family history of heart disease
  • DX: ECG, stress test, chest x-ray, cardiac catheterization, coronary angiogram
A

CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE (CAD)

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24
Q
  • sudden, reduced blood flow to the heart

S/S: discomfort (pressure, tightness or burning)
- chest pain (chest, shoulders, arms, upper body, back, neck)
- indigestion
- dyspnea
- sudden, heavy sweating
- tachycardia
- lightheadedness or dizziness
- fainting
- unusual fatigue

A

ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME (ACS)

25
abnormally elevated CO2 level in the blood
HYPERCAPNIA / HYPERCARBIA
26
insufficient oxygen in tissue levels
HYPOXIA
27
[NURSING RESPONSIBILITY] - respiratory assessment - past medical history - lifestyle - HEART what is H in HEART?
Have client describe specific location, onset, and duration of the problem describe specific location
28
[NURSING RESPONSIBILITY] what is E in HEART?
Explore associated signs and symptoms sign and symptoms
29
[NURSING RESPONSIBILITY] what is A in HEART?
Ask activities that worsen or ease the problem activities
30
[NURSING RESPONSIBILITY] what is R in HEART?
Rate the severity of discomfort or incapacity rate the severity
31
[NURSING RESPONSIBILITY] what is T in HEART?
Talk treatments or interventions used to alleviate the problem and their effectiveness treatments/interventions
32
Nursing Measure to Promote Respiratory Function
- Ensure a patent airway - Positioning - Encourage deep breathing, coughing - Ensure adequate hydration
33
is a medical procedure used to drain air, fluid, or pus from the pleural space of the chest
THORACOSTOMY
34
[TYPES OF DRAINAGE SYSTEMS] - is a system of tubing or other apparatus that is attached to the body to remove fluids in an airtight circuit
CLOSED DRAINAGE SYSTEM
35
[TYPES OF DRAINAGE SYSTEMS] - a tube or apparatus that is inserted into the body and drains out onto a dressing
OPEN DRAINAGE SYSTEM
36
[TYPES OF DRAINAGE SYSTEMS] - uses a pump or mechanical device to help pull the excessive fluid from the body
SUCTION DRAINAGE SYSTEM
37
what is the treatment for pneumothorax?
TUBE THORACOSTOMY
38
where to insert the chest tube during tube thoracostomy?
4th or 5th intercostal space
39
drain size: __ drain for blood
LARGE DRAIN
40
drain size: __ drain for pneumothorax
SMALLER DRAIN
41
help in opening up airway and prevent fluid or mucus from building up
INCENTIVE SPIROMETER
42
a treatment used with children who have had a heart surgery and who may have partial collapse of their lung tissue - they are unable to clear by themselves
CHEST PHYSIOTHERAPY
43
THREE TECHNIQUES OF CHEST PHYSIOTHERAPY:
1. PERCUSSION 2. VIBRATION 3. POSTURAL DRAINAGE
44
ADMINISTRATION OF PRESCRIBED MEDICATIONS - promotes secretion of sputum
EXPECTORANTS
45
ADMINISTRATION OF PRESCRIBED MEDICATIONS - break up mucus so you can clear it out of your lungs more easily
MUCOLYTIC
46
ADMINISTRATION OF PRESCRIBED MEDICATIONS - causes the widening of the bronchi
BRONCHODILATORS
47
ADMINISTRATION OF PRESCRIBED MEDICATIONS - suppress the cough reflex
COUGH SUPPRESSANTS
48
ADMINISTRATION OF PRESCRIBED MEDICATIONS - used to treat inflammation
CORTICOSTEROIDS
49
ADMINISTRATION OF PRESCRIBED MEDICATIONS - treatment of allergies
ANTIHISTAMINES
50
ADMINISTRATION OF PRESCRIBED MEDICATIONS - inhibits the growth of / destroys microorganisms
ANTIBIOTIC
51
ADMINISTRATION OF PRESCRIBED MEDICATIONS - constriction of blood vessels that increases blood pressure
VASOCONSTRICTORS
52
behaviors of negative O2 balance
CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE - ARTERIAL - VENOUS - IMPAIRED TISSUE PERFUSION
53
position to improve cardiac output
SEMI FOWLER’S
54
avoid ___ maneuver
VALSALVA MANEUVER
55
ADMINISTRATION OF PRESCRIBED MEDICATIONS - inhibiting the coagulation of blood (change in a solid or semisolid state)
ANTICOAGULANTS
56
ADMINISTRATION OF PRESCRIBED MEDICATIONS - promotes the dilatation of the blood vessels
VASODILATORS
57
ADMINISTRATION OF PRESCRIBED MEDICATIONS - modifying the force or speed of contraction of muscles
INOTROPIC
58
ADMINISTRATION OF PRESCRIBED MEDICATIONS - used to prevent abnormal cardiac rhythms
ANTIDYSRHYTHMICS
59
ADMINISTRATION OF PRESCRIBED MEDICATIONS - used to lower blood pressure
ANTI HYPERTENSIVES

MEDSURG OXYGENATION (3 decks)

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