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MEDSURG OXYGENATION > PERFUSION > Flashcards

PERFUSION Flashcards

1
Q

transported from the lungs to the tissues

A

OXYGEN TRANSPORT

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2
Q

_% of O2 combines with RBC Hemoglobin

A

97%

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3
Q

__ is carried to tissues

A

OXYHEMOGLOBIN

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4
Q

remaining O2 is dissolved and transported in __ and __

A

PLASMA AND CELLS

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5
Q

O2 Carrying capacity of blood is expressed by:

A
  • RED BLOOD CELLS
  • HEMATOCRIT
  • HEMOGLOBIN
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6
Q

Carbon Dioxide Transport
Must be transported from __ to __

A

TISSUES TO LUNGS

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7
Q

Carbon Dioxide Transport
Continually produced in the process of __

A

CELL METABOLISM

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8
Q

Carbon Dioxide Transport
carried inside RBCs as bicarbonate _%

A

65%

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9
Q

Carbon Dioxide Transport
- combines with Hemoglobin: Carboxyhemoglobin _%

A

30%

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10
Q

Carbon Dioxide Transport
- transported in plasma as carbonic acid _%

A

5%

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11
Q

GIVE 3 COMMON MANIFESTATIONS OF IMPAIRED RESPIRATORY FUNCTION

A
  • HYPOXIA
  • ALTERED BREATHING PATTERNS
  • OBSTRUCTED OR PARTIALLY OBSTRUCTED AIRWAY
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12
Q
  • insufficient amount of oxygen in tissues
  • rapid pulse
  • rapid, shallow respirations, and dyspnea
  • increased restlessness or lightheadedness
  • flaring of nares
  • cyanosis
A

HYPOXIA

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13
Q

[ABNORMAL RESPIRATORY PATTERNS]
rapid rate

A

TACHYPNEA

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14
Q

[ABNORMAL RESPIRATORY PATTERNS]
abnormally slow rate

A

BRADYPNEA

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15
Q

[ABNORMAL RESPIRATORY PATTERNS]
cessation of breathing

A

APNEA

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16
Q

[ABNORMAL RESPIRATORY PATTERNS]
labored breathing

A

KUSSMAUL’S BREATHING

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17
Q

[ABNORMAL RESPIRATORY PATTERNS]
abnormal pattern of breathing characterized by groups of:
- quick
- shallow respirations
then followed by regular or irregular periods of apnea

A

BIOT RESPIRATORY PATTERN

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18
Q

[ABNORMAL RESPIRATORY PATTERNS]
near death breathing pattern

A

CHEYNE-STOKES

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19
Q
  • is the sensation of breathlessness in a recumbent position
  • relieved by sitting or standing
A

ORTHOPNEA

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20
Q

6P’s of Dyspnea

A
  • Possible foreign body
  • Pulmonary bronchial constriction
  • Pulmonary embolus
  • Pneumothorax
  • Pump failure
  • Pneumonia
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21
Q

low pitched snoring during inhalation

A

PARTIAL OBSTRUCTION

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22
Q

extreme inspiratory effort with no chest movement

A

COMPLETE OBSTRUCTION

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23
Q
  • AKA ischemic heart disease
  • caused by plaque buildup in the walls of the arteries
  • causes: overweight, physical inactivity, unhealthy eating, family history of heart disease
  • DX: ECG, stress test, chest x-ray, cardiac catheterization, coronary angiogram
A

CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE (CAD)

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24
Q
  • sudden, reduced blood flow to the heart

S/S: discomfort (pressure, tightness or burning)
- chest pain (chest, shoulders, arms, upper body, back, neck)
- indigestion
- dyspnea
- sudden, heavy sweating
- tachycardia
- lightheadedness or dizziness
- fainting
- unusual fatigue

A

ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME (ACS)

25
Q

abnormally elevated CO2 level in the blood

A

HYPERCAPNIA / HYPERCARBIA

26
Q

insufficient oxygen in tissue levels

A

HYPOXIA

27
Q

[NURSING RESPONSIBILITY]
- respiratory assessment
- past medical history
- lifestyle
- HEART

what is H in HEART?

A

Have client describe specific location, onset, and duration of the problem

describe specific location

28
Q

[NURSING RESPONSIBILITY]
what is E in HEART?

A

Explore associated signs and symptoms

sign and symptoms

29
Q

[NURSING RESPONSIBILITY]
what is A in HEART?

A

Ask activities that worsen or ease the problem

activities

30
Q

[NURSING RESPONSIBILITY]
what is R in HEART?

A

Rate the severity of discomfort or incapacity

rate the severity

31
Q

[NURSING RESPONSIBILITY]
what is T in HEART?

A

Talk treatments or interventions used to alleviate the problem and their effectiveness

treatments/interventions

32
Q

Nursing Measure to Promote Respiratory Function

A
  • Ensure a patent airway
  • Positioning
  • Encourage deep breathing, coughing
  • Ensure adequate hydration
33
Q

is a medical procedure used to drain air, fluid, or pus from the pleural space of the chest

A

THORACOSTOMY

34
Q

[TYPES OF DRAINAGE SYSTEMS]
- is a system of tubing or other apparatus that is attached to the body to remove fluids in an airtight circuit

A

CLOSED DRAINAGE SYSTEM

35
Q

[TYPES OF DRAINAGE SYSTEMS]
- a tube or apparatus that is inserted into the body and drains out onto a dressing

A

OPEN DRAINAGE SYSTEM

36
Q

[TYPES OF DRAINAGE SYSTEMS]
- uses a pump or mechanical device to help pull the excessive fluid from the body

A

SUCTION DRAINAGE SYSTEM

37
Q

what is the treatment for pneumothorax?

A

TUBE THORACOSTOMY

38
Q

where to insert the chest tube during tube thoracostomy?

A

4th or 5th intercostal space

39
Q

drain size: __ drain for blood

A

LARGE DRAIN

40
Q

drain size: __ drain for pneumothorax

A

SMALLER DRAIN

41
Q

help in opening up airway and prevent fluid or mucus from building up

A

INCENTIVE SPIROMETER

42
Q

a treatment used with children who have had a heart surgery and who may have partial collapse of their lung tissue
- they are unable to clear by themselves

A

CHEST PHYSIOTHERAPY

43
Q

THREE TECHNIQUES OF CHEST PHYSIOTHERAPY:

A
  1. PERCUSSION
  2. VIBRATION
  3. POSTURAL DRAINAGE
44
Q

ADMINISTRATION OF PRESCRIBED MEDICATIONS
- promotes secretion of sputum

A

EXPECTORANTS

45
Q

ADMINISTRATION OF PRESCRIBED MEDICATIONS
- break up mucus so you can clear it out of your lungs more easily

A

MUCOLYTIC

46
Q

ADMINISTRATION OF PRESCRIBED MEDICATIONS
- causes the widening of the bronchi

A

BRONCHODILATORS

47
Q

ADMINISTRATION OF PRESCRIBED MEDICATIONS
- suppress the cough reflex

A

COUGH SUPPRESSANTS

48
Q

ADMINISTRATION OF PRESCRIBED MEDICATIONS
- used to treat inflammation

A

CORTICOSTEROIDS

49
Q

ADMINISTRATION OF PRESCRIBED MEDICATIONS
- treatment of allergies

A

ANTIHISTAMINES

50
Q

ADMINISTRATION OF PRESCRIBED MEDICATIONS
- inhibits the growth of / destroys microorganisms

A

ANTIBIOTIC

51
Q

ADMINISTRATION OF PRESCRIBED MEDICATIONS
- constriction of blood vessels that increases blood pressure

A

VASOCONSTRICTORS

52
Q

behaviors of negative O2 balance

A

CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE

  • ARTERIAL
  • VENOUS
  • IMPAIRED TISSUE PERFUSION
53
Q

position to improve cardiac output

A

SEMI FOWLER’S

54
Q

avoid ___ maneuver

A

VALSALVA MANEUVER

55
Q

ADMINISTRATION OF PRESCRIBED MEDICATIONS
- inhibiting the coagulation of blood (change in a solid or semisolid state)

A

ANTICOAGULANTS

56
Q

ADMINISTRATION OF PRESCRIBED MEDICATIONS
- promotes the dilatation of the blood vessels

A

VASODILATORS

57
Q

ADMINISTRATION OF PRESCRIBED MEDICATIONS
- modifying the force or speed of contraction of muscles

A

INOTROPIC

58
Q

ADMINISTRATION OF PRESCRIBED MEDICATIONS
- used to prevent abnormal cardiac rhythms

A

ANTIDYSRHYTHMICS

59
Q

ADMINISTRATION OF PRESCRIBED MEDICATIONS
- used to lower blood pressure

A

ANTI HYPERTENSIVES

MEDSURG OXYGENATION (3 decks)

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