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Performance Characteristics Of Materials - Polymers Flashcards

1
Q

Is oil a finite resource

A

Yes

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2
Q

What fraction do polymers come from

A

Naphtha fraction

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3
Q

How many types of polymers are there

A

3

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4
Q

What are the three types of polymers

A

Thermoplastics
Thermoset polymers
Elastomers

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5
Q

Are polymers self finishing

A

Yes

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6
Q

What can damage polymers

A

UV degredation

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7
Q

What is the thermoplastic low density polyethylene (LDPE) used for

A

Squeezy detergent bottles
Carrier bags
Bin liners
Food wrap film

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8
Q

What is the thermoplastic high density polyethylene (HDPE) used for

A

Chemical drums
Jerry cans
Buckets

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9
Q

What is the thermoplastic polypropylene (PP) used for

A

Food containers
Medical equipment

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10
Q

What is the thermoplastic high impact polyestrene (HIPS) used for

A

Single use drink cups

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11
Q

What is the thermoplastic ABS used for

A

Remote control casings

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12
Q

What is the thermoplastic PMMA used for

A

Car light casings

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13
Q

What is the thermoplastic PVC used for

A

Hose pipes
Seat coverings

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14
Q

What is the thermoplastic uPVC used for

A

Guttering and downpipes

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15
Q

What is a thermoplastic

A

Can be melted down and reformed

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16
Q

What are thermoset polymers

A

Heat resistant once set
Cannot be remelted down

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17
Q

What is the thermoset polymer urea formaldehyde (UF) used for

A

Electrical fittings

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18
Q

What is the thermoset polymer polyester resin used for

A

Chair seats

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19
Q

What is the thermoset polymer epoxy resin used for

A

Adhesives
Surface coatings

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20
Q

What is a degradable polymer

A

A polymer which degrades with exposure to different things

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21
Q

What is an oxy degradable polymer

A

A polymer which breaks down into a fine powder with exposure to oxygen. The length of time can be programmed during manufacturing

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22
Q

What is a photo degradable polymer

A

When the polymer bonds are weakened with exposure to UV light. These kinds of polymers are often used in the agriculture industry

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23
Q

What is a hydro degradable polymer

A

When a polymer breaks down with exposure to water, often used in liquid detergent sachets

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24
Q

What are some implications of biodegradable polymers

A

Can produce methane gas when they decompose
Can take high temperature to decompose
Natural bio polymers need land to grow crops
Natural bio polymers could be made from GM crops
Cannot be recycled

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25
Q

What is an example of a medical application for bio polymers

A

Degradable stitches

26
Q

What are some examples of natural bio polymers

A

Corn starch polymers
Potatopak
Biopol

27
Q

What are some examples of synthetic bio polymers

A

Lactide
Glycolide
Polylactide acid

28
Q

What are the two types of bio degradable polymers

A

Natural
Synthetic

29
Q

What are elastomers

A

Polymers which can bend

30
Q

What was the original elastomer in 1493

31
Q

Name 3 elastomers

A

Natural rubber
Silicone
Neoprene

32
Q

What is natural rubber used for

A

Tyres
Hoses
Tubes

33
Q

What is neoprene used for

A

Shoe soles

34
Q

What is silicone used for

A

Flexible ice cube trays

35
Q

What kind of polymer is a toothbrush handle

36
Q

What is a composite material

A

A material comprised of two or more different materials, resulting in a material with enhanced properties

37
Q

What is the composite material CFRP made from?

A

Carbon fibres mixed with polyester resin or epoxy resin

38
Q

What is the composite material CFRP used for?

A

Sports equipment such as tennis rackets
Fishing rods
Race car bodies

39
Q

What are the properties of the composite material CFRP?

A

Lightweight
Corrosion resistant
Hard
Tough

40
Q

What is the composite material GRP made from?

A

Glass fibres mixed with polyester resin

41
Q

What are the properties of the composite material GRP?

A

Lightweight
Corrosion resistance
Hard
Tough

42
Q

What is the composite material concrete made from?

A

Cement powder
Sand
Aggregate particles mixed with water

43
Q

What are the properties of the composite material concrete?

A

High compression strength
Easy to mould
Few surface defects

44
Q

What is the composite material GRP used for ?

A

Boat hulls
Kayak shells

45
Q

What is the composite material concrete used for?

A

Pathways
Driveway
House foundation

46
Q

What is a smart material?

A

Smart materials are those whose physical properties change in response to an input or change in environment

47
Q

Name 3 smart materials

A

Photochromic pigment
Thermochromic pigment
SMA’s (shape memory alloy)

48
Q

Name an example of an SMA smart material

49
Q

How do smart materials thermochromic pigment work

A

Changes colour in response to temperature

50
Q

How do smart materials photochromic pigment work

A

Changes colour with light intensity

51
Q

How do SMA smart materials work

A

Change shape in response to change in temperature or electrical input

52
Q

Explain the smart material nitinol

A

Nitinol wire in dental braces changes length in response to a change in temperature

53
Q

What can smart material thermochromic pigment be used for

A

Room thermometers
Color change mugs

54
Q

What can smart material photochromic pigment be used for

A

Welding goggles
Reactive glasses lenses

55
Q

What are modern materials

A

They are developed through the invention of new or improved processes

56
Q

Name 2 modern materials

A

Kevlar
Precious metal clay

57
Q

What is the modern material kevlar made from

A

Aramid fibres

58
Q

What is useful about the modern material kevlar

A

High cut and heat resistant properties

59
Q

What is the modern material kevlar used for

A

Body armour
Cut proof gloves

60
Q

What is the modern material precious metal clay used for

A

Works like ceramic clay
Easily mouldable
Inexpensive compared to solid metal such as silver
Used for jewelry

DT (6 decks)

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