Performance And Planning Flashcards

Ds

1
Q

What are the factors affecting performances?!

A
Aircraft mass
Air density
Wind/stenght direction
Flap settings
Runway conditions
Others sources of degraded performances
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2
Q

What are the components of air density

A

ATH : Altitude, temperature and humidity

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3
Q

What is ICAO

A

International Civil aviation organisation

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4
Q

What is ISA

A

ICAO standars atmosphere (10000ft)

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5
Q

QFE

A

Quick fix engineering ( reglage altimetre pression au sol sur l’aerodrome)

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6
Q

How to calculate altitude density?

A

DENSITY ALTITUDE = PRESSURE ALTITUDE +/- (ISA deviation X 120 ft)

pressure alt = 1013,25-QFE sachant que 30ft=1hpa
ISA deviation = Actual temp - ISA temp at aerodrome altitude pressure
ISA temp at sea lvl = 15 °C
2° temp decrease every 1000 feet increase

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7
Q

What is the take off safety speed?

A

The take-off safety speed is = (≥1,2 Vs)

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8
Q

What is the take off distance?

A

Take off run + initial climb (50ft climb)

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9
Q

What is Vref?

A

Vref is equal to 1,3 Vso ( stalling speed in landing config)

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10
Q

What is VAC?

A

Visual approach card

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11
Q

What is LDA

A

Landing distance available

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12
Q

What is TORA

A

Take off run available (excluding any stop way)

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13
Q

What is stop way?

A

An extension to the runway used to bring an aircraft to a stop (emergency for a rejected take off)

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14
Q

What is ASDA

A

TORA + Stop way = acceleration stop distance available

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15
Q

What is clearway

A

Area beyond the end of the runway. It can includes the stopway

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16
Q

What is TODA?

A

TORA + clearway

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17
Q

Conditions required for landing and take off?

A

TORR (take off runway required=minimal runway required)
TODR (take off distance required=TORR + 50ft)
LDR (Landing distance required)

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18
Q

What are the available conditions in aerodrome?

A

We can found the available conditions on the VAC ( TORA, TODA and LDA)

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19
Q

What are the safety factors when calculating TODR and LDR?

A

For take off performances : 1.33 factor

For landing performances : 1,43 factor

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20
Q

What is POH?

A

Pilot operating handbook

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21
Q

What are the different speed values of an aircraft?

A

Vx and Vy
Vx = best angle of climb (airspeed)
Vy = best rate of climb
Normal climb speed is the compromise beetwen both
Speed values depend of the aircraft and can be found in the POH

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22
Q

What are the factors affecting the rate of climb and the angle?

A
Speed
Aircraft mass
Aircraft configuration
air density
wind
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23
Q

What specific fuel consumption ( SFC )

A

fuel flow per unit of power per unit of time

24
Q

What is the range?

A

maximum distance an aircraft can fly for a given quantity of fuel consumed

25
What is best lift/drag ratio?
It the speed for the best glid perfomance
26
What is best lift/drag ratio?
It the speed for the best glid perfomance
27
what are the Factors affecting glide angle?
Flaps speed headwind mass
28
What are the effects of overloading an aircraft?
``` Increase structural loads Reduced acceleration Increased Take off and landing speeds and distances Reduced flight performances Maneuverabilty reduced Increased stalling speed Tyres and brakes excessive deterioration ```
29
What is MTOM
Maximum permissible total aircraft mass ( indicated in the POH)
30
What is MLM?
Maximum landing mass
31
What is Datum line?
Datum : leading edge of wing (bord d'attaque de l'aile) | It's an imaginary line defined by aircraft designer to set the limit of the center gravity
32
What is the formula of the moment?
Mass * Arm
33
What is the formula of the total aircraft center of gravity?
Sum of moment / sum of mass
34
What are the different things a pilot should have before a flight?
``` Meteorogical briefing VAC (visual approach chart) AIP ( aeronautical information publication) Temporary modification RTVA (reseau de très basse altitude) Fuel management ```
35
What should the pilot check for meteorogical conditions/forecast before departure?
TEMSI (low level significant weather chart) RADAR WINTEM (wind and temperature chart) TAF ( terminal aerodrome Forecasts) during a period of 9 to 30h METAR (meteorological aerodrome report) Submit every 30 min CAVOK (Cloud, ceiling and visibilty are OK) SIGMET (SIGnificant METeorological Information)
36
What are the 4 criterias to met in order for CAVOK to appear in the METAR?
* Visibility = 10 kilometers or more * No clouds below 5 000 feet AAL * no cumulonimbus * no significant weather
37
What information is providing by the VAC ( approaching chart )
Frequencies Runway nature, orientation, declared distances … Traffic pattern : altitudes, orientation… Procedures and instructions Aerodrome special activities Navigation and lighting aids All thoses informations are available on SIA (aeronautical informations services)
38
What is AIP
Aeronautical Information Publication (different beetwen each countries ) Updated every 28 days divided in 3 parts : -generalities -en route -aerodrome
39
What could be temporary notifications
NOTAM SUP AIP To alert people on potential danger
40
What is RTBA
reseau très basse altitude CORRIDORS OF MILITARY FLIGHT TRAINING AT HIGH SPEED! Prohibited transit Available on SIA
41
What are fuel management rules required for the pilot?
Alternate aerodrome | Mandatory reserves
42
What is the night VFR fuel mandatory reserve?
45 min
43
What is the cross country mandatory fuel reserve?
30 min
44
What is the national mandatory fuel reserve?
10 min
45
What is the angle of attack
Angle between the chord line and the relative airflow
46
Lift equation?
L = 1/2 p V^2 CL S
47
When spin occurs?
when stalling and yawing
48
What is the angle of incidence?
It's the angle beetwen the wing root chord line and the longitudinal axis of the aircraft.
49
What is the optimum angle of attack for a modern wing?
50
What is the opposite of thrust? (la poussée)
Drag
51
How to calculate the load factor?
Lift/weight
52
If the aircraft is yawing to the right, the left wing has higher or lower velocity?
Higher
53
How can we reverery a stall?
Decreasing the angle of attack
54
What are the effects of Torque reactions?
Yawing and rolling to the left during take off and in flight
55
What is the result of a slipstream effect?
Yaw to the left
56
What is the cause of an asymetric thrust
Engine failure on a multi engine aircraft