Performance Flashcards
1st segment
It begins 35 feet above the takeoff surface at V2 and ends at the point where the landing gear is fully retracted, with speed equal V2, critical engine inoperative,
takeoff thrust on operating engines and takeoff flaps.
Takeoff Distance
Roll, failure of the critical engine immediately before V1, rotation, lift-off and
V2 at 35 ft height, using takeoff thrust on all engines up to the engine failure speed, and then
takeoff thrust on operating engines.
2nd segment
From the point where the landing gear is fully retracted up to the point at which
the aircraft levels off for flap retraction. The level off height depends on obstacles and must be at least 400 ft above the runway. Throughout the 2nd segment, with the critical engine inoperative, takeoff thrust on operating engines and takeoff flaps are maintained.
3rd segment
From the end of the 2nd segment, up to the point at which the climb configuration
(flaps up, final segment climb speed) is reached, with the critical engine inoperative, and takeoff thrust on operating engines. This segment is used for level flight, acceleration and flap retraction at
a height of at least 400 feet.
4th segment
From the point at which the climb configuration is reached, up to a 1500 ft above
the runway (or more if required for obstacle clearance). Flaps up and Maximum Continuous Thrust
on operating engines is used throughout the 4th segment
TAKEOFF DISTANCE - ALL ENGINES TAKEOFF DISTANCE
Is the distance from the start of takeoff up to the point at which the airplane is 35 feet above the takeoff surface, with All Engines Operating (AEO)
ACCELERATE-GO DISTANCE (AGD)
The accelerate-go distance (AGD) is the distance necessary to accelerate the airplane to VEF with All Engines Operating (AEO), and then continue the takeoff with One Engine Inoperative (OEI) to a
screen height of 35 ft above the runway surface under the assumption of the critical engine failure
at VEF.
ACCELERATE-STOP DISTANCE (ASD)
the greater of:
* Distance required to accelerate the airplane to V1, maintain this speed for a period of 2 seconds, and then decelerate to a complete stop with All Engines Operating (AEO).
* Distance required to accelerate the airplane to VEF with AEO, then accelerate to V1 with One Engine Inoperative (OEI), maintain this speed for a period of 2 seconds, and then decelerate to a
complete stop (OEI).
clearway characteristics:
minimum 500 feet wide, no obstacle protruding above 1.25% slope plane, except threshold lights located at the sides of
runway with a height lower than 26 feet
“Balanced Field Limit Weight”:
the “GO” and “STOP” distances are equal.
screen height on wet Rwys
15ft
required gross gradient of climb during first segment
must be positive at all times
required gross gradient of climb during second segment
2.4%
Third segment: This segment is also known as the Acceleration Segment and the speed after the aircraft is clean is:
Takeoff Final Segment Climb Speed (VFS)
4th segment or final segment climb gradient:
1.2%
OBSTACLE LIMITED TAKEOFF WEIGHT, at least 35ft and gradient:
0.8%
The maximum altitude at which an airplane can fly is limited by three factors:
- Engine thrust.
- Capacity of the wing to generate enough buffet-free lift.
- Operational envelope
the best position to save fuel is an aft CG, because this condition results
in
smaller stabilizer down forces and, therefore, smaller wing lift forces
FAR-121.195 and JAR-OPS-1.515 Landing Field Length regulations requires that the
landing distance on a dry runway, based on the landing weight assuming normal fuel
consumption, must not exceed
60% of the available landing distance or 1.67
In case of wet runway, the minimum
required length must be the dry runway required length increased by
15 percent or 1.92
Minimum gradient for approach climb
2.1 %
Minimum gradient for landing climb
3.2%
