Perception

Question 1

What is the difference between sensation and perception

Answer 1

Sensation is the process of using or senses to collect information from our environment whereas perception is the cognitive process of interpreting the sensory information received

Question 2

What the types of monocular and binocular depth cues

Answer 2

Monocular- height in plane, relative size, occlusion, linear perspective

Binocular- retinal disparity, convergence

Question 3

Describe gibsons direct theory of perception (nature)

Answer 3

He believes that sensation and perception are the same and we get everything we need to judge depth, movement and distance with information from our environment.
The three main part of his theory- motion parallax-when moving towards a fixed point it stays stationary whereas everything else besides us rushes past. If our brain does not recognise optic flow it will struggle to understand that we are moving.
Motion parallax- objects closer in our visual field move faster than those further away from us
Influence of nature- our abilities are innate our eyes can detect changes in texture, light and depth which explains why the baby did not crawl over the cliff showing that were born with perception.

Question 4

Evaluate gibsons direct theory of perception

Answer 4

Weakness
Perceptual errors are not easily explained. Visual illusions are examples of when our brain makes perceptual errors.this is a weakness as he states that we do not need to process information about shape and size but evidence form illusions shows they are separate processes

Strength is visual cliff study baby did not crawl over cliff so therefore supports his theory

Question 5

Explain the visual illusions
Misinterpreted depth cues
Fiction
Ambiguity
Size constancy

Answer 5

Misinterpreted depth cues - when we apply the wrong rules of depth perception and our brain makes distance when it’s not really there making us incorrectly apply the size constancy rule
Fiction - when we see something that’s not actually there
Ambiguity - when there are different interpretations of the image and our brain cannot chose which is the correct image so it will occasionally flip between the two.
Size constancy - when we keep the original idea of size of an object even if the size differs as the information received from the eye change.

Question 6

Outline and evaluate Gregory’s constructivist theory of perception

Answer 6

He states that we perceive based on our past experiences and our brains use information to fill in gaps to make a guess on what our eyes r seeing which is why we interpret things wrong like visual illusions.

Weakness
Gibson contradicts
Strength
Supporting evidence