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EMS > PEPP Glossary > Flashcards

PEPP Glossary Flashcards

1
Q

Abdominal excursions

A

The work of abdominal muscles in infants during the breathing cycle

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2
Q

Abrasion

A

A portion of skin or of a mucous membrane scraped away as a result of injury

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3
Q

Absorb

A

To take in or suck up

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4
Q

Abusive head trauma

A

Seen in abused infants and children. The patient has been subjected to violent, whiplash type shaking injuries inflicted by the abusing individual. This may cause coma, convulsions, and increased intracranial pressure due to tearing of the cerebral veins with consequent bleeding into the brain. (Old term : shaken baby / infant syndrome.)

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5
Q

Acceleration - deceleration event

A

A type of injury caused when a moving body part, such as the head, stops its forward motion suddenly.

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6
Q

Acid

A

A corrosive substance with low pH.

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7
Q

Acidosis

A

Excessive acidity of body fluids due to an accumulation of acids (as in diabetic acidosis or renal disease) or an excessive loss of bicarbonate (as in renal disease).

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8
Q

Acrocyanosis

A

Cyanosis of the extremities; acrocyanosis of the hands and feet may be normal in the infant within the first hour after birth.

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9
Q

Activation phase

A

First of three phases in disaster response. This is the notification and initial response phase which includes establishment of the Incident Command System organization and scene assessment.

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10
Q

Acute

A

Characterized by sharpness or severity, or having a sudden onset, sharp rise, and short course.

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11
Q

Adenoidal

A

Lymphoid tissue in the back of the mouth and oropharynx.

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12
Q

Adrenaline

A

Synonym for epinephrine. A hormone produced by the body that increases pulse rate and blood pressure, mediates the “fight-or-flight” response of the sympathetic nervous system when the body is under stress.

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13
Q

Adrenergic agents

A

Drugs that mimic the effects of epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine.

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14
Q

Adsorb

A

To take up and hold by adsorption.

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15
Q

Afebrile seizure

A

Seizure not accompanied by a fever.

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16
Q

Agent

A

Something that causes an effect; thus, bacteria that cause a disease are said to be agents of the specific disease. An injury agent is the energy causing the damage, such as thermal energy from a burn. A drug is a pharmacologic agent.

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17
Q

Agonist

A

A stub stance that stimulates or activates a specialized receptor on a cell.

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18
Q

Airway adjunct

A

An artificial device to maintain an open airway.

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19
Q

Alkali

A

A strong base with a high pH, usually corrosive to tissues.

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20
Q

Alveoli

A

The air sacs of the lungs in which the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place.

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21
Q

Amniotic fluid

A

The liquid contained in the amnion, inside the uterus. This fluid is sterile, transparent, and almost colorless.

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22
Q

abdomen

A

the anatomic portion of the anterior trunk below the ribs and above the pelvis; it contains the stomach, lower part of the esophagus, small and large intestines, liver, gall bladder, spleen, pancreas, and bladder

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23
Q

analgesia, analgesic

A

A drug that relieves pain

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24
Q

Anaphylactic reaction

A

An extreme, life threatening systemic allergic reaction that may include shock and respiratory failure

25
Q

Anaphylaxis

A

A severe form of hypersensitivity reaction that produces dangerous physiologic changes, such as bronchospasm, shock, and airway edema.

26
Q

Anatomic

A

Relating to the anatomy or structure of an organism.

27
Q

Ancillary

A

Something that assists another action or effect but is not essential to the accomplishment of the action.

28
Q

Antecubital fossa

A

The triangular area lying anterior to and below the elbow, bounded medically by the pronator teres muscle and laterally you the brachioradialis muscles.

29
Q

Anthrax

A

A deadly bacteria (Bacillus anthracis) that lies dormant in a spore (protective shell); the germ is released from the spore when exposed to the optimal temperature and moisture. The route of entry is inhalation, cutaneous, or gastrointestinal (from consuming food that contains spores).

30
Q

Antibiotic

A

Any variety of natural or synthetic substances that inhibit growth of, or destroy, bacteria that are responsible for infectious diseases.

31
Q

Anticonvulsant

A

Agent that prevents or stops convulsions.

32
Q

Antigen

A

Protein recognized by the immune system which causes an allergic reaction.

33
Q

Antipyretic

A

An agent that reduces fever

34
Q

Antivenin

A

A serum that counteracts the effect of venom from animal or insect.

35
Q

Anxiolysis

A

Reduction of fear or anxiety.

36
Q

Apnea

A

A temporary cessation of breathing.

37
Q

Panic

A

Characterized by absence of breathing.

38
Q

ALTE

A

Apparent life-threatening event
An unexplained sudden episode of color change (cyanosis or pallor), tone change (limpness, stiffness), or apnea that required mouth-to-mouth resuscitation or vigorous stimulation.

39
Q

Asphyxia

A

A condition caused by insufficient oxygen.

40
Q

assessment

A

evaluation

41
Q

assisted ventilation

A

to provide ventilation mechanically (BVM)

42
Q

Asthma

A

A disease caused by increased responsiveness of the tracheobronchial tree to various stimuli. The result is paroxysmal constriction of the bronchial airways. Clinically, there is severe dyspnea accompanied by wheezing.

43
Q

asymmetric

A

Without symmetry

44
Q

A systole

A

Cardiac standstill; absence of contractions of the heart

45
Q

Ataxia

A

Abnormal gait

46
Q

Atrioventricular heart block

A

Blockage of the electrical impulse from the atrium of the heart to the ventricle.

47
Q

atrium

A

One of two (right and left) upper chambers of the heart. The right atrium receives blood from the vena cava and delivers it to the right ventricle, which, in turn, pumps blood into the blood vessels of the lungs. The left atrium receives blood from the pulmonary veins and delivers it to the left ventricle, which, in turn, pumps blood into the body.

48
Q

Auscultation

A

To listen, as which a stethoscope

49
Q

Auscultation

A

The process of listening for sounds within the body with a stethoscope.

50
Q

AICD

A

automatic implantable cardioverter-defibrillator
An implantable electronic device designed to monitor heart rhythm and determine if it is abnormal and needs to be corrected.

51
Q

AVPU

A

(alert, verbal, painful, unresponsive)

The components of the AVPU scale are used to assess the level of consciousness.

52
Q

Allusion

A

A tearing away of a part or structure.

53
Q

Axial loading

A

Vertical pressure on the spine

54
Q

Auxiliary temperature

A

The temperature taken in the armpit

55
Q

Atonal shearing

A

A tearing of axons or nerve sheaths, caused by sudden movement, to produce severe brain injury.

56
Q

Baseline

A

A known or initial value with which subsequent observations can be compared.

57
Q

Basilar skull fracture

A

A fracture into the base of the skull, sometimes associated with brain hemorrhage or brain injury.

58
Q

Battle sign

A

Bruising behind the ear; an indicator of basilar skull fracture.

59
Q

benzodiazepines

A

A family of sedative hypnotic drugs useful for treatment of seizures and agitation.

EMS (2 decks)

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