People through 4C

Question 1

Hippocrates

Answer 1

Legendary healer physician. Wrote the Hippocratic Corpus. Established Humoral theory. Bloodletting advocate

Question 2

Galen

Answer 2

Codified humoral theory. Blood is constantly produced. Final authority in medieval europe into the early modern period.

Question 3

Andreas Vesalius

Answer 3

Anatomical dissection. Started to prove Galen wrong.

Question 3

William Harvey

Answer 3

Demonstrated circulation of blood, further disproving the Humoral Theory

Question 4

Thomas Sydenham

Answer 4

Believed in observation of patients. Rejected fever as the disease. Developed disease specifity and nosology

Question 4

Giovanni Battista Morgagni

Answer 4

Carefully correlated post-mortem findings with ante-mortem case history. Localized pathological findings to specific organs instead of some sort of imbalance.

Question 4

Leopold Auenbrugger

Answer 4

Used percussion to examine the chest

Question 5

Edward Jenner

Answer 5

first vaccination for smallpox

Question 6

Benjamin Rush

Answer 6

Advocated for heroic medicine and helped it become popular in early American Republic

Question 7

Jean Nicolas Corvisart

Answer 7

Adopted Auenbrugger’s percussion and studied heart diseases

Question 8

Marie Francois Xavier Bichat

Answer 8

Pathologies localized to different tissue planes within organs

Question 9

Rene Laennec

Answer 9

First stethoscope to focus on tuberculosis. - Auscultation of the chest. Led to terms like rales, rhonchi, and wheezes

Question 10

Pierre-Charles-Alexandre Louis

Answer 10

Distrusted simple observation and began using the Numerical Method

Question 11

3 Fundamental procedures of Paris School:

Answer 11

Physical examination, localization of the disease process through autopsy, numerical method

Question 12

Joseph Jackson Lister

Answer 12

Significant improvements to the miscroscope.

Question 13

Robert Brown

Answer 13

identified, described, and named the cell nucelus

Question 14

Schleiden and Schwann

Answer 14

First Cell Theory

Question 15

Rudolf Virchow

Answer 15

Finished third tenet of cell theory. Localized important pathological processes to cells. Leukemia

Question 16

First Modern Scientists were _____

Answer 16

Product of german universities

Question 17

Hermann von Helmholtz

Answer 17

Ophthalmoscope (eyes)

Question 18

Harvey Cushing

Answer 18

Brought a sphygmomanometer back to Baltimore

Question 19

Robert Koch

Answer 19

staining and tissue fixation techniques, oil immersion, microphotography. Worked with the anthrax pathogen

Question 20

Karl Weigert

Answer 20

staining and tissue fixation techniques

Question 21

Christian Gram

Answer 21

Positive or negative gram bacteria

Question 22

Claude Bernard

Answer 22

Greatest Physiologist of his day- focused on controlled circumstances of experimental research. Blinded experiments

Question 23

Johannes Muller

Answer 23

German physiologist. Joined chemisty and physiology.

Question 24

Louis Pasteur

Answer 24

personified the importance of science to medicine. examined fermentations and visualized microbes. Disproved spontaneous generation. Inspired Lister and theorized Germ Theory. Big in vaccinations

Question 25

Sir Charles Bell

Answer 25

Bell's Palsy

Question 26

Sir Charles Sherrington

Answer 26

identified synaptic connection and communication among neurons

Question 27

John Snow

Answer 27

Proved cholera is water-borne. Traced source of 1854 broad street cholera outbreak in London. Father of epidemiology. Early adopter of anesthesia

Question 28

Horace Wells + William Morton

Answer 28

Anesthesia. Proved is in Ether Dome

Question 29

Joseph Lister

Answer 29

Work in surgical antisepsis. Adherent of the new germ theory. Used carbolic acid.

Question 30

Walter Bradford Cannon

Answer 30

America's foremost experimental physiologist in 20th century