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Buisness AS_UNIT 2 > People In Organisations > Flashcards

People In Organisations Flashcards

0
Q

What is workforce planning?

A

Estimating future human resource requirements and ensuring the firm has the right number of people, in the right place with the right skills at the right time

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1
Q

What is human resources?

A

The function within businesses responsible for an organisations people. This function deals with workforce planning, recruitment, training and pay issues

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2
Q

What is one main reason for workforce planning 0?

A

Demographic and social change- the demand for products, services and workforce supply. Businesses can ,one money if planning wrongly

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3
Q

What are some benefits of workforce planning?4

A

Helping firms to tackle problems such as staff shortages and staffing costs.
Help to ensure the production of quality products
Save money by cutting costs associated with high vacancies and turnover
Redundancies reduced

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4
Q

What are 3 problems that managers might encounter when planning for the workforce of the future?

A

Actions of competition- them getting popular and taking workers
Government cut back on training places
Changing nature of the market so the business may not be wanted in the future

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5
Q

What is internal recruitment?

A

Finding someone already employed in the business to fill a vacancy

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6
Q

What are 4 advantages of internally recruiting?

A

You know them
They know the business
Convenient as you don’t need to go out and find them
Increase loyalty

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7
Q

What are 3 disadvantages of recruiting internally?

A

Friction from unsuccessful candidates
Leaves another gap to be filled
Small group of people to pick from

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8
Q

What is external recruitment?

A

Finding someone not employed in the business to fill a vacancy

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9
Q

What is a job description

A

An overview of what the job is about

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10
Q

What is a person specification

A

What the person should be like

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11
Q

What are the 12 stages of recruitment

A 
Job arises 
Internal or external 
Job description 
Person specification 
Adverts drawn and placed in places 
Application forms issued 
Shortlisting 
Interviews 
Psychometric testing 
Assessment day 
Selection takes place and someone is appointed
Induction phase
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12
Q

What are psychometric testing

A

Online questions about English, maths and personality traits

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13
Q

What is an appraisal

A

Regular meetings with their direct line manager every six months in which the staff members performance is analysed usually against performance targets

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14
Q

What are 3 benefits of appraisals

A

Motivate staff- told they’re doing a good job
Targets can be set to meet the objectives of the business
Can link to bonuses and rewards

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15
Q

What are 3 disadvantages to appraisals?

A

They take a long time
Competition between employees
Pressure to meet targets so increase stress

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16
Q

What are 3 financial methods of motivating the workforce?

A

Bonus
Discounts
Company car

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17
Q

What are 3 non financial methods of motivating the workforce?

A

Awards
Holidays
Appraisals

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18
Q

Why would you motivate people?

A

More productive
So workers don’t leave
Workers give the firm a good reputation

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19
Q

What is price rate pay?

A

Workers are paid for every product made

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20
Q

What is an advantage and a disadvantage of piece rate pay?

A

Products made quicker

Products may lack quality

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21
Q

What are wages?

A

Wages are paid hourly to workers

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22
Q

What is an advantage and a disadvantage of wages

A

Security that you will get paid

Level of wage may be low

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23
Q

What are salaries

A

Salaries are paid at a annual rate

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24
Q

What is an advantage and a disadvantage of salaries

A

Good financial sense for a business

Business may not be liable to pay for extra work

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25
Q

What is profit related pay

A

Pay employees based on profits of the company

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26
Q

What are bonus schemes

A

Schemes suitable for different employees

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27
Q

What is an advantage and a disadvantage of bonus schemes

A

Employees will get more money

Not set amount of how much money you’d get

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28
Q

What are fringe benefits

A

Other forms of financial motivation

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29
Q

What is an advantage and a disadvantage of fringe benefits

A

Employees get extras

Costs the business more

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30
Q

What is leadership

A

The act I’d establishing direction and purpose of a topic, setting a target and working towards it with your team

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31
Q

What is management

A

Organising human ad physical resources to achieve aims. Telekinetic your team what to do

32
Q

What are 3 things managers do

A

Setting objective
Coordinating activities
Reviewing performance

33
Q

Who are the 5 people behind motivational theories

A 
Maslow
Mayo
Hertzberg
Taylor 
Mcgreggor
34
Q

Outline hertzbergs theory

A

2 factor theory
Motivators- factors that a business could introduce that would directly motivate workers (interesting work)
Hygiene-factors that demotivate employees if not present but themselves would not motivate (safe conditions)

35
Q

Outline mayos theory

A

Not just concerned with money but could be motivated by having social needs met
Eg better communicating with manages, lighting

36
Q

Outline Taylor’s theory

A

Motivated mainly by pay, they don’t enjoy work so go there just to get the money

37
Q

Outline maslows theory

A

Psychological needs have to be met
The triangle
What workers need and how needs are satisfied

38
Q

What are the 5 layers in maslows theory triangle

A 
Basic needs 
Safety needs
Social needs
Self esteem 
Self fulfilment
39
Q

Outline mcgreggors theory

A

Theory x-people who dislike work and avoid it where possible

Theory y- consider work play or rest, like responsibility

40
Q

What are the 5 leadership styles

A 
Autocratic
Bureaucratic 
Laissez-faire
Paternalistic 
Democratic
41
Q

What is a paternalistic leader?

A

Leaders make decisions based on the best interest of workers

42
Q

What is an advantage and a disadvantage of a paternalistic leader

A

Employees feel valued

Little scope for employees to make decisions

43
Q

What is an autocratic leader

A

Manager retains control and makes all decisions

44
Q

What is an advantage and a disadvantage of an autocratic leader

A

Quick decisions are made

No expression of ideas so demotivated

45
Q

What is a democratic leader

A

Employees are encouraged to participate in and influence decision making

46
Q

What is an advantage and a disadvantage of an democratic leader

A

More motivated as they can input ideas and feel listened to

Slower process

47
Q

What is a bureaucratic leader

A

The organisation has clearly marked status definitions and jobs are specific

48
Q

What is an advantage and a disadvantage of a bureaucratic leader

A

Everyone knows what they’re doing

Struggled change for employees

49
Q

What is a laissez faire leader like

A

Little direction given to workers. Broad guidelines are given

50
Q

What is an advantage and a disadvantage of a laissez faire leader

A

Useful for skilled, creative and well trained employees

May be chaotic if team work is not evident

51
Q

What is span of control

A

The number of subordinates reporting to a manager

52
Q

What is chain of command

A

Path of authority along which instructions are passed

53
Q

What is a hierarchy

A

The management levels within an organisation

54
Q

What is an organisational structure

A

Shows how a business is organised and the management hierarchy

55
Q

3 features of a tall organisational structure

A

Narrow span of control
Long chain of command
Decisions take a while as longer communication pathway

56
Q

What is delayering

A

Removing layers of the management from the hierarchy of the organisation

57
Q

What is one key objective for delayering

A

Save money bus lending less on wages

58
Q

What are 2 benefits a business would enjoy if successfully de layered a organisational structure

A

Shorter communication paths-info passed around quicker, less likely to be misinterpreted
Lower labour costs- allowed money to be spent elsewhere

59
Q

What 3 factors influence the span of control in a business

A

Size and complexity of business
Personality/skill of manager
The extent of clear objectives throughout a business

60
Q

Define delegation

A

An assignment to others of the authority for particular functions, tasks and decisions

61
Q

What are 2 advantages for a business that encourages delegation

A

Subordinates are motivated and empowered

Reduce management stress

62
Q

2 disadvantages for a business that uses delegation

A

Harder in a smaller business

Increases strew and workload for employees

63
Q

What are the 4types of organisational structures

A

Hierarchical structure
Individual structure
Matrix structure
Entreprenurial structure

64
Q

Describe the hierarchical structure

A

One managing director then subordinates of them and then subordinates of them

65
Q

What type of leadership style would use a hierarchical structure

A

Bureaucratic

66
Q

What is an advantage and a disadvantage of hierarchical structure

A

Practical if you’re a large business

Inflexible

67
Q

Describe an entreprenurial structure

A

Less hierarchical and teams communicate straight to md

68
Q

What is an advantage and a disadvantage of an entreprenurial structure

A

Fast decisions and flexible

Md won’t know which is more important

69
Q

Describe a matrix structure

A

All the departments work together to complete a projects

70
Q

What is an advantage and a disadvantage of a matrix structure

A

Flexible and uses specialists for each department

Working on projects you don’t like so demotivated

71
Q

Describe an individual structure

A

Employing a business temporarily to do things the boss cannot do

72
Q

What is a talk organisational structure also known as

A

Traditional
Tall
Mechanistic

73
Q

What is a flat organisational structure aka?

A

Organistic

74
Q

What is employee empowerment

A

Giving employees the power to do their job

75
Q

What does empowerment cover

A

Giving authority to make directions to front line staff
Encouraging employee feedback
Showing more trust in employees

76
Q

3 reasons why you would change th organisational structure

A

Reduce costs
Employees motivation needs to be increased
Growth of business

77
Q

What 3 challenges come with changing the organisational structure

A

Costs
Manager and employed resistance
Demotivattion

Buisness AS_UNIT 2 (9 decks)

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