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Buisness AS_UNIT 2 > People In Organisations > Flashcards

People In Organisations Flashcards

0
Q

What is workforce planning?

A

Estimating future human resource requirements and ensuring the firm has the right number of people, in the right place with the right skills at the right time

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1
Q

What is human resources?

A

The function within businesses responsible for an organisations people. This function deals with workforce planning, recruitment, training and pay issues

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2
Q

What is one main reason for workforce planning 0?

A

Demographic and social change- the demand for products, services and workforce supply. Businesses can ,one money if planning wrongly

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3
Q

What are some benefits of workforce planning?4

A

Helping firms to tackle problems such as staff shortages and staffing costs.
Help to ensure the production of quality products
Save money by cutting costs associated with high vacancies and turnover
Redundancies reduced

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4
Q

What are 3 problems that managers might encounter when planning for the workforce of the future?

A

Actions of competition- them getting popular and taking workers
Government cut back on training places
Changing nature of the market so the business may not be wanted in the future

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5
Q

What is internal recruitment?

A

Finding someone already employed in the business to fill a vacancy

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6
Q

What are 4 advantages of internally recruiting?

A

You know them
They know the business
Convenient as you don’t need to go out and find them
Increase loyalty

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7
Q

What are 3 disadvantages of recruiting internally?

A

Friction from unsuccessful candidates
Leaves another gap to be filled
Small group of people to pick from

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8
Q

What is external recruitment?

A

Finding someone not employed in the business to fill a vacancy

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9
Q

What is a job description

A

An overview of what the job is about

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10
Q

What is a person specification

A

What the person should be like

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11
Q

What are the 12 stages of recruitment

A 
Job arises 
Internal or external 
Job description 
Person specification 
Adverts drawn and placed in places 
Application forms issued 
Shortlisting 
Interviews 
Psychometric testing 
Assessment day 
Selection takes place and someone is appointed
Induction phase
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12
Q

What are psychometric testing

A

Online questions about English, maths and personality traits

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13
Q

What is an appraisal

A

Regular meetings with their direct line manager every six months in which the staff members performance is analysed usually against performance targets

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14
Q

What are 3 benefits of appraisals

A

Motivate staff- told they’re doing a good job
Targets can be set to meet the objectives of the business
Can link to bonuses and rewards

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15
Q

What are 3 disadvantages to appraisals?

A

They take a long time
Competition between employees
Pressure to meet targets so increase stress

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16
Q

What are 3 financial methods of motivating the workforce?

A

Bonus
Discounts
Company car

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17
Q

What are 3 non financial methods of motivating the workforce?

A

Awards
Holidays
Appraisals

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18
Q

Why would you motivate people?

A

More productive
So workers don’t leave
Workers give the firm a good reputation

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19
Q

What is price rate pay?

A

Workers are paid for every product made

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20
Q

What is an advantage and a disadvantage of piece rate pay?

A

Products made quicker

Products may lack quality

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21
Q

What are wages?

A

Wages are paid hourly to workers

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22
Q

What is an advantage and a disadvantage of wages

A

Security that you will get paid

Level of wage may be low

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23
Q

What are salaries

A

Salaries are paid at a annual rate

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24
What is an advantage and a disadvantage of salaries
Good financial sense for a business | Business may not be liable to pay for extra work
25
What is profit related pay
Pay employees based on profits of the company
26
What are bonus schemes
Schemes suitable for different employees
27
What is an advantage and a disadvantage of bonus schemes
Employees will get more money | Not set amount of how much money you'd get
28
What are fringe benefits
Other forms of financial motivation
29
What is an advantage and a disadvantage of fringe benefits
Employees get extras | Costs the business more
30
What is leadership
The act I'd establishing direction and purpose of a topic, setting a target and working towards it with your team
31
What is management
Organising human ad physical resources to achieve aims. Telekinetic your team what to do
32
What are 3 things managers do
Setting objective Coordinating activities Reviewing performance
33
Who are the 5 people behind motivational theories
``` Maslow Mayo Hertzberg Taylor Mcgreggor ```
34
Outline hertzbergs theory
2 factor theory Motivators- factors that a business could introduce that would directly motivate workers (interesting work) Hygiene-factors that demotivate employees if not present but themselves would not motivate (safe conditions)
35
Outline mayos theory
Not just concerned with money but could be motivated by having social needs met Eg better communicating with manages, lighting
36
Outline Taylor's theory
Motivated mainly by pay, they don't enjoy work so go there just to get the money
37
Outline maslows theory
Psychological needs have to be met The triangle What workers need and how needs are satisfied
38
What are the 5 layers in maslows theory triangle
``` Basic needs Safety needs Social needs Self esteem Self fulfilment ```
39
Outline mcgreggors theory
Theory x-people who dislike work and avoid it where possible | Theory y- consider work play or rest, like responsibility
40
What are the 5 leadership styles
``` Autocratic Bureaucratic Laissez-faire Paternalistic Democratic ```
41
What is a paternalistic leader?
Leaders make decisions based on the best interest of workers
42
What is an advantage and a disadvantage of a paternalistic leader
Employees feel valued | Little scope for employees to make decisions
43
What is an autocratic leader
Manager retains control and makes all decisions
44
What is an advantage and a disadvantage of an autocratic leader
Quick decisions are made | No expression of ideas so demotivated
45
What is a democratic leader
Employees are encouraged to participate in and influence decision making
46
What is an advantage and a disadvantage of an democratic leader
More motivated as they can input ideas and feel listened to | Slower process
47
What is a bureaucratic leader
The organisation has clearly marked status definitions and jobs are specific
48
What is an advantage and a disadvantage of a bureaucratic leader
Everyone knows what they're doing | Struggled change for employees
49
What is a laissez faire leader like
Little direction given to workers. Broad guidelines are given
50
What is an advantage and a disadvantage of a laissez faire leader
Useful for skilled, creative and well trained employees | May be chaotic if team work is not evident
51
What is span of control
The number of subordinates reporting to a manager
52
What is chain of command
Path of authority along which instructions are passed
53
What is a hierarchy
The management levels within an organisation
54
What is an organisational structure
Shows how a business is organised and the management hierarchy
55
3 features of a tall organisational structure
Narrow span of control Long chain of command Decisions take a while as longer communication pathway
56
What is delayering
Removing layers of the management from the hierarchy of the organisation
57
What is one key objective for delayering
Save money bus lending less on wages
58
What are 2 benefits a business would enjoy if successfully de layered a organisational structure
Shorter communication paths-info passed around quicker, less likely to be misinterpreted Lower labour costs- allowed money to be spent elsewhere
59
What 3 factors influence the span of control in a business
Size and complexity of business Personality/skill of manager The extent of clear objectives throughout a business
60
Define delegation
An assignment to others of the authority for particular functions, tasks and decisions
61
What are 2 advantages for a business that encourages delegation
Subordinates are motivated and empowered | Reduce management stress
62
2 disadvantages for a business that uses delegation
Harder in a smaller business | Increases strew and workload for employees
63
What are the 4types of organisational structures
Hierarchical structure Individual structure Matrix structure Entreprenurial structure
64
Describe the hierarchical structure
One managing director then subordinates of them and then subordinates of them
65
What type of leadership style would use a hierarchical structure
Bureaucratic
66
What is an advantage and a disadvantage of hierarchical structure
Practical if you're a large business | Inflexible
67
Describe an entreprenurial structure
Less hierarchical and teams communicate straight to md
68
What is an advantage and a disadvantage of an entreprenurial structure
Fast decisions and flexible | Md won't know which is more important
69
Describe a matrix structure
All the departments work together to complete a projects
70
What is an advantage and a disadvantage of a matrix structure
Flexible and uses specialists for each department | Working on projects you don't like so demotivated
71
Describe an individual structure
Employing a business temporarily to do things the boss cannot do
72
What is a talk organisational structure also known as
Traditional Tall Mechanistic
73
What is a flat organisational structure aka?
Organistic
74
What is employee empowerment
Giving employees the power to do their job
75
What does empowerment cover
Giving authority to make directions to front line staff Encouraging employee feedback Showing more trust in employees
76
3 reasons why you would change th organisational structure
Reduce costs Employees motivation needs to be increased Growth of business
77
What 3 challenges come with changing the organisational structure
Costs Manager and employed resistance Demotivattion

Buisness AS_UNIT 2 (9 decks)

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