People and Theories

Question 1

CARLOUS LINNAEUS

Answer 1

• Father of taxonomy (classification)
• Binomial nomenclature “genus species”
• Recognized 42 species of primate in only 3 genera: Homo, Simia, or Lemur

Question 2

ERASMUS DARWIN

Answer 2

• Charles Darwin’s grandfather (common ancestry)
• Zoonomia (species may have evolved from common ancestor)

Question 3

GEORGES CUVIER

Answer 3

• Ends the debate about whether extinction could occur using fossil evidence
• Establishes vertebrate paleontology and comparative anatomy as disciplines

Question 4

JEAN-BABTISTE LAMARCK

Answer 4

• As environment changes, animals change through use/disuse of structures
• Acquired changes are passed onto offspring
• (inheritance of acquired characteristics)
• First to suggest a mechanism by which species could change over time

Question 5

THOMAS MALTHUS

Answer 5

• A political economist whose ideas on population growth influenced Darwin’s theory of natural selection
• Plant and animal populations produce more offspring than can survive
• There will be competition to survive
• (Principle of Populations)

Question 6

CHARLES LYELL

Answer 6

• Developed principle of Uniformitarianism (same geologic processes that influence the earth today, influenced it in the past)
• (geology, age of the earth, uniformitarianism)

Question 7

AFLRED RUSSEL WALLACE

Answer 7

Independently developed the idea of natural selection

Question 8

DARWIN’S INFLUENCES

Answer 8

– Erasmus Darwin (common ancestry)

– Lamarck (inheritance of acquired chars)

– Lyell (geology, age of the earth, uniformitarianism)

– Malthus (Principle of Populations)

– Wallace (natural selection)