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MOCA Spanish Exam > People > Flashcards

People Flashcards

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1
Q

Diego Velázquez

A

Spanish painter, 17th century, Seville. Portraitist (cultural depictions), Picasso and Dalí used his art as model for their work

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2
Q

Frida Kahlo

A

Mexican painter, 20th century, Mexico City. Sick and suffered, surrealism, known for self-portraits

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3
Q

Ernesto Sábato

A

Argentine writer. Politically involved after WWII, and started painting. Physics, literature, science, etc.

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4
Q

Fernando Botero

A

Painter born in Colombia, lived in Spain and France. Exaggeration and disproportion in his paintings. “round people” Boterismo

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5
Q

Plácido Domingo

A

Spanish opera singer, famous tenor of Spain. Educated in MX. NY Metropolitan Opera. Director of LA Opera now.

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6
Q

Francisco Goya

A

Spanish painter born 1746. baroque, rococo, neoclassicism,expressionism. First to paint what he wanted instead of what the king or church told him to paint, influence for modern artists. Historic paintings.

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7
Q

José Clemente Orozco

A

Mexican painter. One of the main Mexican muralists. After Mexican Revolution. Pre-Columbian culture. Social justice for working class and native Indians.

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8
Q

Diego Rivera

A

Mexican painter. One of the main Mexican muralists. Influenced by Italian Renaissance and Russian communist movement.

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9
Q

David Alfaro Siquerios

A

Mexican painter. One of the main Mexican muralists. More realistic work, Pre-Columbian culture and colonial Mexico. Influenced by politics, Marxist messages.

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10
Q

Celia Cruz

A

Cuban singer. Most influential figure of Cuban music in 20th century. “queen of salsa”, “guarachera de Cuba”, later lived in the US. 23 golden albums.

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11
Q

Salvador Dalí

A

Spanish painter. Surrealism. began in cubism. Paintings in museums all over the world.

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12
Q

Isabel Allende

A

Writer born in Peru, moved to Chile. Magical realism. Sociopolitical issues in Chile, postcolonial period.

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13
Q

Mario Vargas Llosa

A

Peruvian writer. Political narratives. Realism. Nobel Prize for Literature in 2010.

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14
Q

Pablo Picasso

A

Spanish painter. Cubist paintings, also surrealist work. Hated facist gov’t of Franco, turned to communism.

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15
Q

Félix Lope de Vega

A

Spanish writer. Poetry, theater plays, and prose. Founded Teatro Nacional de Espana. Father of modern comedy.

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16
Q

Julio Cortázar

A

Argentine author. Short stories, essays, novels. Influenced narrative art. Surrealist.

17
Q

Horacio Quiroga

A

Uruguayan writer. Short stories, poetry. Lived in Argentina. Influenced by Edgar Allen Poe. Horror elements, writer of the bizarre.

18
Q

Juan Rulfo

A

Mexican writer. Novels, short stories. Magical realism. Historical stories based on the poor of country people. Social injustice, pain, suffering. El llano en llamas and Pedro Páramo.

19
Q

Jorge Luis Borges

A

Argentine writer, lived in Europe. Professor of English in Buenos Aires. Founded literary movement called Ultraismo. Fantastical work, metaphysical problems.

20
Q

Gabriel García Márquez

A

Colombian writer. Cien anos de soledad. Magical realism. Space/time, colombian life, social/political life. Nobel Prize for Literature.

21
Q

Carlos Fuentes

A

Mexican writer. Novels examined Mexican culture and way to preserve it. Based in historical, explore real themes in fictional work.

22
Q

José Enrique Rodó

A

Uruguayan writer. Best modernist prose writer. Warning about North American influence in Latin America. Wanted to reject materialism, embrace their culture. Connect lit. with spiritualism.

23
Q

Domingo Faustino Sarmiento

A

Argentinian writer and politician. President of Argentina 1686-1874. Fought against ignorance, chieftains, and dictatorship.

24
Q

Rubén Darío

A

Nicaraguan writer. Modernism. Poetry searching for ideal beauty. Social problems of materialism. Used meter and rhythms that transofmred poetry.

25
Q

José Martí

A

Cuban writer and politician. Modernism. Hero of Cuban independence, fought against the Spaniards. Main message was freedom and liberalism.

26
Q

Octavio Paz

A

Mexican poet and essayist. Nobel Prize for Literature 1990. Wrote about loneliness and existential restlessness. Very unique writing style.

27
Q

Pablo Neruda

A

Chilean poet. Marxist convictions. Identified with victims of wars, social injustice, tyranny. Celebrate nature and the American man. Nobel Prize for Literature 1971.

28
Q

José de San Martín

A

Argentinian general, liberator of Argentina and Chile. Organized the army of Andes. Unified several independence movements (argentina, chile, peru)

29
Q

Cristóbal Colón

A

Christopher Columbus. Pinta, Nina, Santa María. 1492 New World.

30
Q

Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla

A

Mexican priest and patriot. Father of Mexico. “the cry of dolores” started the Mexican war of independence. Ended slavery and fought for rights of indigenous peoples of MX. Established nat’l gov’t, then realists executed him.

31
Q

Simón Bolívar

A

Liberator of Venezuela, helped Peru and Bolivia to independence. Writer. Wrote constitution for the Republic of Bolivia

32
Q

Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz

A

Most important American author of lyric poetry. Lived in Mexico. Wrote about disadvantages of being a woman. Nun. Hid from world and love.

33
Q

Hernán Cortés

A

Spanish conquistador, founded La Espanola (Dom Rep and Haiti). Conquered Cuba. “Conquerer of the Aztecs”, responsible for abuse of native people in the north of the country.

34
Q

General Francisco Franco

A

Campaigned against Republican gov’t, divded Spain. Established absolute dictatorship that was supported by the church and by the army. Oppression, lack of freedom, fidelity to Catholic church. Died as dictator in 1975.

35
Q

Miguel de Unamuno

A

Spanish author. Message was that Spain needed to abandon its traditions and integrate with Europe.

36
Q

Benito Pérez Galdós

A

Spanish author. Realist novels, dramas, chronicles. Historic novels of magical realism. Wrote to find origin of Spanish revolution.

37
Q

Emilia Pardo Bazán

A

“the Countess”, novelist. Introduced naturalism in Spain. Deal with life and customs of Galicia. Studies human condition.

38
Q

Federico García Lorca

A

wrote ddramatic pieces, poetry, and theater. Super-realist. Separate worlds between reality and fantasy. Assassinated when Spanish Civil War started.

39
Q

Alfonso X/Alfonso el Sabio

A

king of Castilla-León from 1252 to 1284. Decided to use Castilian as official language of his kingdom.

MOCA Spanish Exam (5 decks)

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