People Flashcards
Music and the Greeks
Little is known.
Anonymous
Middle Ages
Most gregorian chants were written by church composers whom did not name themselves as composers. Therefore, these pieces have anonymous composers.
Pope Gregory
Middle Ages (540-604) Declared that music should preserve chants (music) my developing a system of musical notation.
Hildegard
Middle Ages
Tenth child of noble family promised to a church, Rupertsberg, Germany. “O lucidissima Apostolorum turba”
Leonin/Perotin
Middle Ages
First composers of polyphonic music at the Notre Dame Cathedral. Used cantus firmus, organum, and motets.
Machaut
Middle Ages
Referred as the most important composer of the fourteenth century. “Bridge” into the renaissance. Composed both sacred and secular.
Dufay
Renaissance Burgundian (France). Early renaissance composer in sacred and secular works. Used faux bourdon (false bass)
Josquin
Renaissance
Singled out as the master of the renaissance period. Started to alter the use of cantus firmus to include it in all of his polyphonic lines.
Palestrina
Renaissance
Wrote “Missa Pape Marcelli”
Composed music for the Catholic Church. Is credited with “saving” polyphonic music in the church though he did not actually do this. Had little to do with Council of Trent.
Byrd
Renaissance
Composed for the Catholic Church until the Anglican split. Then composed for the Anglican Church. His catholic compositions avoid the use of cantus firmus.
Martin Luther
Renaissance
Wrote 95 Theses and nailed them to church door. Lead protestant reformation. Was exiled from catholic church.
Gabrieli
Renaissance
Music Master at St. Mark’s Cathedral in Venice. Composed music in a “call and response” style. First to designate instruments to be used, and dynamics.
Isaac
Renaissance
Flemish composer whom spent most time in Austria and Italy. Often compared to Josquin.
Gesualdo
Renaissance
“bad boy” of late renaissance. Wrote madrigals about love and loss. Caught his wife in an affair, killed her and lover. Master of Text Painting
Tomkins, Morley, Weelkes
Renaissance
“the three Toms”
Composed lighter english madrigals. Lighter in musical tone and poetic substance. Made use of “nonsense” syllables like fa la la.