People

Question 1

Abu Hanifa

Answer 1

Lived in Baghdad during 8th Century. Jurist and founded the Hanafi school of legal thought - relied less on tradition of Medina and more on reason; oldest and largest school

Question 2

Malik

Answer 2

Lived in Medina during 8th Century. Jurist and founded Malik school of legal thought - the Qur’an is the primary source of derivation of rulings

Question 3

Al-Shafi’i

Answer 3

Lived in Baghdad then Egypt in the 8th/9th Century. Jurist and founder of Shafi’i school of legal thought - author of earliest treatise on legal hereneutics

Question 4

Ibn Hanbal

Answer 4

Lived in Baghdad during the 9th Century - Jurist and founder of Hanbali school of legal thought - jurist known for his austerity and rejection of Mu’tazili notions about the Qur’an’s createdness. Very strict and conservative

Question 5

Zayd b. ‘Ali

Answer 5

Lived in Medina during 8th Century - respected member of Muhammad bloodline; grandson of Husayn; lead revolt in Kufa against Umayyads - the first Zaydi Imam

Question 6

Qadi Nu’man

Answer 6

Lived in North Africa during the 10th Century - Isma’ili jurist; official historian of Fatimid caliphs

Question 7

Five Shi’i Imams need to know are?

Answer 7

'Ali
Husayn
Ja'far al-Sadiq
Hasan al-'Askari
Muhammad al-Mahdi

Question 8

‘Ali

Answer 8

(Shi’i Imam) Lived in Kufa during 7th Century - cousin of Muhammad and then son-in-law. One of first Islam converts, fourth caliph - Shi’ites regard him as first Imam. For Sunni’s one of the four “rightly guided caliphs”

Question 9

Husayn

Answer 9

(Shi’i Imam) Lived in Medina/Mecca during the 7th Century. Muhammad’s youngest grandson through Muhammad’s daughter Fatima; Third Shi’ite Imam; Martyred in Karbala by forces of Umayyad Caliph Yazid

Question 10

Ja’far al-Sadiq

Answer 10

(Shi’i Imam) Lived in Medina during the 8th Century. 6th Imam and founder of Shi’i fiqh. Was an important early pious figure and religious scholar

Question 11

Hasan al-‘Askari

Answer 11

(Shi’i Imam) Lived in the Abbasid Empire in the 9th Century. 11th Imam and father of 12th Imam who is in hiding. Was poisoned and killed

Question 12

Muhammad al-Mahdi

Answer 12

(Shi’i Imam) Lived in the Abbasid Empire in the 9th Century. Believed to be in hiding as the 12th Imam and will come back at the end of time

Question 13

Rabi’a al-‘Adawiyya

Answer 13

She was the first Sufi Saint based in Basra lived during the 8th/9th Century

Question 14

Rumi

Answer 14

Sufi poet and founder of Mevlevi order - Lived in Konya during the 13th Century

Question 15

Muhammad ibn ‘Abd-al Wahhab

Answer 15

Lived in Emirate of Diriyah during the 18th Century. Was a Muslim religious leader and reformer who condemned any religious practice that could not be traced directly back to the Prophet

Question 16

Muhammad al-Sanusi

Answer 16

Lived in Algeria during the 18th/19th Century. Founder of the Muslim Sunusi order; a Muslim scholar and anti-colonial figure

Question 17

Muhammad ‘Abduh

Answer 17

Lived in Egypt during the 20th Century - was a Muslim reformer Mufti/Jurist; Founder of modern Salafi movement

Question 18

Rashid Rida

Answer 18

Lived in Egypt during the 19th/20th Century - believed in only two forms of Islam, the Qur’an and Sunna; Muslim religious reformer and disciple of Muhammad ‘Abduh

Question 19

Hasan al-Banna

Answer 19

Lived in Egypt during the 20th Century. Founder of the Muslim Brotherhood and thought that “the Qur’an is our constitution and the Prophet is our example”

Question 20

Queen Arwa

Answer 20

Lived in Yemen in the 11th Century - was the Muslim Isma’ili Queen based in Yemen

Question 21

Fatima Mernissi

Answer 21

Lives in Morocco during the 21st Century - Moroccan Muslim feminist - believes that the Prophet wanted to elevate women

Question 22

Sheikh Hasina

Answer 22

Lives in Bangladesh during the 21st Century - Prime Minister of Bangladesh

Question 23

Abdurrahman Wahid

Answer 23

Lives in Indonesia during the 21st Century - President of Indonesia; believed in separation of religion and state.

Question 24

Elijah Muhammad

Answer 24

Lived in the United States during the 20th Century - a mentor of Malcolm X and the leader of the Nation of Islam

Question 25

Hamza Yusuf

Answer 25

Lives in Northern California in the 21st Century - founder of Zaytuna College and signed “A Common Word Between Us and You” by Islamic scholars and Christian leaders calling for peace and understanding

Question 26

Amina Wadud

Answer 26

Lives in the United States in the 21st Century - is a Muslim feminist and scholar who converted to Islam at age of 20 and became a female Imam in 2005.