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Pharma.infection > Penicillin > Flashcards

Penicillin Flashcards

1
Q

Mechanism of action in penicillin

A

• Inhabit transpeptidation reaction which is the last step in the formation of cell wall synthesis through binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBP)

↑ activity of autolysins in some bacteria → cell wall lysis

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2
Q

Why it’s a good idea to take penicillin with Aminoglycosides

A

Aminoglycosides can’t penetrate gram+ bacteria thick Call wall so if it’s taken with penicillin it causes a new generation of bacteria with a wick call wall that could penetrate the call wall

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3
Q

Penicillin should not be taken with static drug , why

A

We need new generation

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4
Q

Members of Penicillins drifters in 1-3 according to group attached to

A

Beta lactam ring

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5
Q

Spectrum of natural penicillin

A

Narrow spectrum mainly pos.

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6
Q

Members of nautral penicillin

A

Penicillin G (benzyl p.)
Penicillin V

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7
Q

HCL (Stability or gastric acidity)
Of natural penicillin

A

Penicillin G:unstable يتكسر بالحمض
Penicillin V: stable (oral)

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8
Q

Nautral penicillin Sensitive to beta lactamase

A

Sensitive

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9
Q

Antistaph penicillin spectrum

A

Narrow spectrum mainly pos.

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10
Q

Members of anti-staph penicillin

A

Oxacillinمهم, Cloxacillin
Flucloxacillin
Methicillin (not used)

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11
Q

HCL (Stability or gastric acidity) Of antistaph penicillin

A

Stable (oral)

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12
Q

Sensitivity to beta lactamase

A

Not sensitive (stable)

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13
Q

Antistaph are given

A

postprandialما بعد الأكل معدى فارغة

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14
Q

Broad(extended) spectrum penicillin spectrum is

A

Broad spectrum

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15
Q

Broad(extended) spectrum members are

A

Ampicillin
Amoxicillin

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16
Q

Broad(extended) spectrum penicillin in hcl

A

Stable(oral)

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17
Q

Broad(extended) spectrum and beta lactamase

A

Not stable

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18
Q

Antipseudomonal penicillin spectrum

A

Broad spectrum

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19
Q

Members of Antipseudomonal
Penicillin

A

Ticarcillin
Carbenicillin
Piperacillin

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20
Q

HCL stability of antipseudomonal penicillin

A

Piperacillin مهم& Ticarcillin (unstable)
Carbenicillin: stable

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21
Q

Beta-lactamase relationship with antipseudomonal penicillin

A

Inactive, sensitive

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22
Q

Long acting penicillin spectrum is

A

Narrow mainly pos.

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23
Q

Members of long acting penicillin

A

Procaine: taken /12 h
Benzathine: taken/per month

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24
Q

Long acting penicillin in stomach

A

Unstable, insoluble (IM only)

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25
Q

Beta lactamase and long acting penicillin

A

Sensitive

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26
Q

All penicillin preparations are susceptible for B lactamase except

A

Antistaph penicillin

27
Q

(Beta lactamase resistant ___group).

A

antibiotic

28
Q

.ORSA treated by

A

Vancomycin or rifampicin

29
Q

All members Can be taken orally except:

A

Penicillin G(lV), Piperacillin(lV) & long-acting penicillin(lM)

30
Q

Penicillin Route of administration is according to

A

stability in HCL

31
Q

Long acting Penicillins SHOULD be taken IM to act as ___

A

Depot

32
Q

Most members of penicillin are ________absorbed e.g_____

A

Incompletely
Ampicillin

33
Q

Penicillin Useful in Shigella is

A

Ampicillin

34
Q

Ampicillin prodrugs is

A

(Bacampicillin)

35
Q

shigella in Intestine causes dysentery, so it’s better to use____

A

Ampicillin

36
Q

Taking Ampicillin can cause diarrhea because

A

It kill bacteria flora

37
Q

advantage of amoxicillin over ampicillin

A

Completely absorbed →
-Less diarrhea
- High serum level
- Not preferred in Shigella Dysentery(blood+mucosa)

38
Q

penicillin Can Cross the ______ during pregnancy

A

placenta

39
Q

Safe drugs in pregnancy

A

(all B lactams and erythromycin are safe, Not teratogenic)

40
Q

Penicillin can cross BBB or CSF insufficient amount except during

A

Inflammation

41
Q

If penicillin could cross bbb so it can be used to treat

A

So penicillin is used in meningitis

42
Q

When meningitis dec. Penicillin level ____ because it can’t cross _____ anymore , and to slove this issue, penicillin dose should be ___

A

Dec
Bbb
Ink.

43
Q

due to Prostatic barrier , penicillin con. In prostate is

A

insufficient(غير كافي) to be effective in prostatic infection

44
Q

Excretion in Renal by

A

active secretion & by filtration

45
Q

How to Prolong t 0.5 of penicillin

A

Add Probenecid: dec. renal tubular secretion of penicillin

46
Q

Metabolism of Oxacillin & Nafcillin can be _____ or _____

A

Hepatic metabolism
Excreted in bile

47
Q

excreted in bile penicillin can be used in

A

Biliary Tract Infection (BTI)

renal dysfunction

48
Q

Adverse effects of penicillin

A
  1. Hypersensitivity
  2. Diarrhea
  3. Neurotoxicity
  4. Cation disturbance
  5. Decreased coagulation
49
Q

Hypersensitivity of penicillin e.g

A

Rash, Angioedema up to anaphylactic shock(type 1 hypersensitivity)

50
Q

Most hypersensitivity of penicillin occur with which type

A

Penicillin G

51
Q

Cross Allergy occur with other B lactam antibiotics except…

A

Aztreonam

52
Q

What cause diarrhea

A

disturbance of normal flora especially with ampicillin (BS/Incomplete absorption)

53
Q

Neurotoxicity of penicillin

A

Seizuresتشنجات : High doses or Intrathecally

54
Q

Hyperkalemia with penicillin G—>

A

Cation disturbance

55
Q

Decreased coagulation causes

A

High doses of piperacillin → bleeding

56
Q

Taking Piperacillin with___ and___ —->↑ bleeding

A

warfarin and heparin

57
Q

Therapeutic uses of Penicillins:
Depends on the

A

Members

58
Q

Therapeutic uses of Penicillins:
+ve bacilli

A

Diphtheria
Anthrax

59
Q

Therapeutic uses of Penicillins, +ve cocci

A

Staphylococcal infections
Streptococcal infections
Pneumococcal

60
Q

E.g for streptococcal infections

A

Acute sore throat
Wound sepsisتعفن الجرح
Bacterial endocarditis

61
Q

Therapeutic uses of Penicillins:
Neg cocci

A

Neisseria–>
Meningitis
Penicillin G or Ampicillin +
chloramphenicol(الدواء هذه يستخدم عندما يقل تركيز البينيسيلين بسبب انخفاض إلتهاب سحايه المخ

Gonorrheaالسيلان

62
Q

Penicillin G + aminoglycoside is Used in treatment of ______ but not mixed in the same _____

A

bacteria endocarditis
syringe

63
Q

Benzathine penicillin is used for prophylactic in

A

.Recurrent rheumatic fever

Pharma.infection (2 decks)

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