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Pharma.infection > Classification Of Antibacterial Drug > Flashcards

Classification Of Antibacterial Drug Flashcards

1
Q

Clarification of Antibacterial Drugs

A

According to the effect on bacteria

According to the spectrum

According to mechanism of action

According to pharnmacodynamic categories ( Dose & Duration)

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2
Q

Classification According to the effect on bacteria

A

Cidal
Static

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3
Q

What we mean by bactericidal

A

Kill the microorganisms and eradicate the infection (nobody defense mechanism)

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4
Q

What is bacteriostatic

A

Stop the growth of microorganisms with the need for the body defense

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5
Q

E.g for bactericidal

A

Drug Cell wall Synthesis inhibitors, Aminoglycosides & nucleic acid synthesis inhibitors
Penicillin

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6
Q

E.g for bacteria static

A

Tetracyclines, Chloramphenicol & Macrolides

TCM

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7
Q

Bacteriostatic shouldn’t be given to….

A

immunocompromised patientsمرضى نقص المناعة

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8
Q

E.g for immunocompromised patients

A

patients taking cortisone
uncontrolled Diabetes mellitus
bone marrow depression
AIDs

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9
Q

According to the spectrum

A

Narrow spectrum
Broad spectrum

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10
Q

Narrow spectrum are ____or____

A

Mainly +ve
Mainly -ve

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11
Q

E.g for narrow bactirospectrum mainly +ve

A

Penicillin G, Vancomycin, Daptomycin, erythromycin, Clindamycin

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12
Q

E.g for narrow-spectrum mainly-ve

A

Aminoglycosides, Aztreonam
دبل a

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13
Q

E.g .Broad spectrum drugs

A

Amoxicillin, Cephalosporines, Tetracyclines,…

ATCعطس

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14
Q

According to mechanism of action

A
  1. Cell wall
    Synthesis Inhibitors(Inhibit CW formation but if the CW was formed no need for this drug تشان)
  2. Protein Synthesis
    Inhibitors
  3. Nucleic Acid
    Synthesis Inhibitors
  4. Folic acid Antagonists(PABA(s)–>FH2(r)–>FH4)
  5. Drug disrupting Cell membrane
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15
Q

E.g for drug Cell wall
Synthesis Inhibitors

A

Beta lactam
Non Beta Lactam

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16
Q

E.g for beta lactam

A

Penicillins
Cephalosporines
Carbapenems
Monobactam

Put cat cup mono

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17
Q

E.g for non beta lactum

A

Vancomycin

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18
Q

Protein Synthesis
Inhibitors attach(حسب تعبير الدكتور) to

A

30s,50s

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19
Q

Protein Synthesis
Inhibitors that attach to 30s

A

Aminoglycosides
Tetracyclines
AT

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20
Q

Protein Synthesis
Inhibitors attach to 50s

A

Chloramphenicol
Macrolides
Clindamycin
Streptogramins
Linezolid

21
Q

Nucleic Acid
Synthesis Inhibitors

A

Metronidazole
Quinolones
Rifampicin

22
Q

E.g Folic acid Antagonists

A

Sulfonamides
Trimethoprim
Cotrimoxazole

23
Q

Drug disrupting Cell membrane :

A

Daptomycin
Polymyxin

24
Q

According to pharmacodynamic categories (Dose & Duration) are

A

A. Con. dependent with PAE
B. Time-dependents without PAE
C. Time-dependent with enhanced PAE

24
Q

According to pharmacodynamic categories (Dose & Duration) are

A

A. Concentration-dependent with PAE
B. Time-dependents without PAC
C. Time-dependent with enhanced PAE(يشتغل على aاوb)

25
Q

According to pharmacodynamic categories (Dose & Duration) are

A

A. Concentration dependent with PAE: Aminoglycoside
B. Time-dependents without PAC
C. Time-dependent with enhanced PAE

26
Q

E.g for con. Dependent with PAE

A

Aminoglycosides & quinolones

27
Q

E.g for Time-dependents without PAE

A

Beta-lactam & vancomycin

28
Q

E.g for Time dependent with enhanced PAE

A

Erythromycin, Clindamycin,
Streptomycin, Tetracyclines and Linezolid (LET SC)

29
Q

PAE stand for

A

Post Antibiotic Effect (PAE)

30
Q

What is Post Antibiotic Effect

A

Persistence of antibiotic effect after its level falls below (MIC)

31
Q

What is MIC

A

Minimal Inhibitory Concentration

32
Q

Bacterial effect con. Dependent with PAE

A

Depend on drug concentration (best(OPTIMIC) effect in concentration 10 times MIC)

33
Q

Bacteria effect in time-dependent with minimal or no PAE

A

Depend on duration at which the drug level exceed MIC (2-4 times MIC all over period of dosing interval)

34
Q

Regrowth of bacteria Inhibited between doses in con. Dependent with PAE

A

Inhibited by PAE (trough drug concentration may fall < MIC without loss of efficacy)

35
Q

Re growth of bacteria between doses in time-dependent with minimal or no PAE

A

Start very soon if trough drug con. falls below MIC ( because there is NO PAE)

36
Q

How we should take con. Dependent on PAE drug

A

Large infrequent doses or single daily dose are effective as small frequent doses & may be less toxic

37
Q

Maximize drug concentration is administration of with type of drug

A

Concentration dependent with PAE

38
Q

How we should administrate time dependent with no pAe

A

Small frequent doses & IV infusionsالتقطير are superior over large infrequent doses

39
Q

Maximize Duration of exposure to drug are found in

A

Time dependent on no pae

40
Q

Why we should Avoid combination between static & cidal

A

static will inhibit growth of bacteria → abolish the effect of bactericidal one which acts only on rapidly growing organisms

41
Q

E.g for combining static with cidal

A

e.g. Penicillins & tetracyclines.

42
Q

E.g for Antibiotics may be cidal against one organism and static against other organisms

A

Chloramphenicol is static against -ve bacilli and cidal against streptococcal Pneuomoniae

43
Q
  1. Inhibitors of Cell wall Synthesis (Cidal):
A

:beta lactams, Vancomycin, Bacitracin

44
Q

Inhibitors of Protein Synthesis (static except..:

A

Aminoglycosides, Tetracyclines, Chloramphenicol, Macrolides,
Clindamycin, Streptogramins, Linezolid

45
Q

Inhibitors of Nucleic acid synthesis (Cidal) :

A

Quinolones & Rifampicin

46
Q

Inhibitors of metabolic folic acid pathway (folate antagonists):

A

Sulfonamides & Trimethoprim (Co-trimoxazole)

47
Q

Drugs disrupting cell membrane:

A

Daptomycin, polymyxin & polyenes

Pharma.infection (2 decks)

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