PEM Flashcards
caused by deficiency or excess in one or more essential nutrients in the diet
severe cases might lead to death
Malnutrition
Types of Undernutrition
Underweight
Stunted
Wasted
weight for age
Underweight
chronic malnutrition manifested by being too short of one’s age
Stunted
acute malnutrition manifested by being dangerously thin
weight for height
Wasted
2 major types of Malnutrition
Protein-Energy Malnutrition
Micronutrient Deficiency Disease
resulting from deficiencies in any or all nutrients
Protein-Energy Malnutrition
resulting from a deficiency of specific micronutrients
Micronutrient Deficiency Disease
The chief cause of PEM
Food Gap
consuming foods low in protein
no protein at all
also known as protein energy undernutrition
Body is not able to synthesize CHON to produce energy
most common nutritional disorder of developing countries
Protein-Energy Malnutrition
a form of malnutrition due to diet deficient in protein and energy producing foods
also called wet swollen, edematous form
Kwashiorkor
usually appears at the age of about 12 months when breastfeeding is discontinued but can develop anytime in child’s formative years
disease that the first child gets when new child comes
Kwashiorkor
Symptoms of Kwashiorkor
generalized edema (accumulation of water in cells)
breaking down of skin
preservation of subcutaneous fat, gross enlargement of liver
loss of appetite
Diarrhea
general discomfort
apathy
Gastrointestinal infection (in some)
if late treatment, child may have permanent physical and mental disabilities
can lead to coma, shock or death
Kwashiorkor
severe lack of protein intake and other nutrients
dry for of protein energy malnutrition
most common form in developing countries
Marasmus
means to “waste away” / “dying away”
Marasmus
Symptoms of Marasmus
No edema
Muscle fat are wasted
Liver is shrunk
Scaling of skin
Looks “old”
Pallid
Apathetic
Complications of Marasmus
growth problems
joint deformity
loss of strength
loss of vision and blindness
organ failure
unconsciousness and coma
also known as muscle wasting due to aging protein deficiency
body assumes kin-bone appearance or living mummy
Atrophy
drepanocytosis
hereditary disease caused by deficiency in protein globulin found in RBC
Sickle-Cell Disease
uterus-contracting hormone (stimulates lactation)
oxytocin
pancreatic Hormone (used in treatment of diabetes)
Insulin
Honey Bee Venom (treat rheumatism)
Melittin
most living cells (stimulates tissue growth)
Glutathione
Potent Vasoconstrictor (similar to snake venoms)
Endothelin
