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EPHE 355 > Pelvis and Hip > Flashcards

Pelvis and Hip Flashcards

1
Q

three main functions of the pelvis

A

provide stable base of support for head, arms and trunk
contain and support visceral contents
transit and absorb forces

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2
Q

normal ADL’s require how much flexion, adduction and ER

A

Flex: 120
ER: 20
Ad:20

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3
Q

hip on pelvis or pelvis on hip, which is CKC and which is OKC

A

hip on pelvis is OKC

pelvis on hip is CKC

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4
Q

part of the ischium

A

ischial tuberosity
ischial ramus
ischial spine

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5
Q

parts the pubis

A

superior and inferior ramus
pubic symphysis
pubic tubercle

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6
Q

where is the adductor tubercle

A

superior to the medial condyle of the femur

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7
Q

what is the centre edge angle

A

in the frontal plane
angle formed between vertical and lateral rim of the acetabulum
measures inferior tilt of the acetabulum
25-45 degrees

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8
Q

what is the acetabular anteversion angle

A

in the transverse plane
measured anterior orientation of the acetabulum
angle between rim margins
normal = 15-20 degrees

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9
Q

what does pathologic increase in the acetabular ante version angle cause

A

decrease anterior joint stability

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10
Q

what does pathologic decrease in the acetabular anteversion angle cause

A

increase in impingement in extension

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11
Q

what is the angle of inclination of the femur

A

head/neck and shaft angle
frontal plane
average adult is 125 degrees

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12
Q

what structures are in line with each other in normal angle of inclination

A

greater trochanter is in line with teh centre of the femoral head

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13
Q

with age, what changes with teh acetabulum and femur angle of inclination

A

acetabulum deepens and angle increases

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14
Q

what is coxa valga

A

excessive angle of inclination
leg appears longer
weaker abductors

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15
Q

what is coxa vara

A

reduced angle of inclination
predisposed to fracture
common later in life

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16
Q

what is angle of torsion

A 
of the femur 
transverse plane 
between axis though head/neck and axis through distal condyles 
caused by medial twist of the shaft 
normal = 10-20 degrees
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17
Q

what is increased angle of torsion called and what does it cause

A

called anteversion
25 degrees
toeing in

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18
Q

what is decreased angle of torsion called and what does it cause

A

retroversion
8 degrees
toeing out

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19
Q

what do both abnormal angles of torsion cause

A

compensations proximally and distally, alteration in joint stability

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20
Q

what structure passes through the acetabular notch

A

the transverse acetabular ligament and nervous and vascular structures

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21
Q

what position is the femoral head completed encapsulated in the acetabulum

A

WB on all fours with hips flexed, abduction and external rotated

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22
Q

what structure is in teh fovea of the head of the femur

A

the ligamentum teres

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23
Q

function and shape of labrum

A

deepens the joint cavity and increases concavity

horseshoe shaped

24
Q

what muscle causes anterior pelvic tilt primarily

A

illiopsoas

25
Q

what two muscles force couple to cause posterior pelvic tilt

A

rectus abdominal roll pelvis up

glutes counter

26
Q

three pelvis on hip motions

A

anterior posterior tilt
lateral tilt
protraction and retraction in transverse plane

27
Q

normal ROM of flex and ex of hip

A

Flex: 130
Extension: 10-20 degrees

28
Q

Normal ROM of ad/ab of hip

A

45 abduction

30-40 adduction

29
Q

normal ROM of ER and IR of the hip

A

ER: 0-35
IR: 0-45

30
Q

what is the anatomical axis of the hip and what is the mechanical axis of the hip

A

anatomical: line through the shaft
mechanical: line from knee joint centre to the hip joint centre

31
Q

resting and closed position of the hip

A

resting: 30 degree flexion, 30 abduction, slight er
closed: full extension, IR and abduction

32
Q

what parts of the labrum are innervation what parts are vascular

A

innervated: superficial layer
vascular: superficial 1/3

33
Q

three major bursa

A

over greater trochanter
over the iliopsoas
iliopectineal

34
Q

where does the iliopectineal bursa lie and what part of the hip does it communicate with

A

overlies the anterior aspect of the hip joint and the pubis and lies beneath the Iliopsoas muscle as it crosses in front of the hip joint.

This bursa often communicates with the hip joint anteriorly through a space between the Pubofemoral ligaments

35
Q

where does the hip capsule attached proximally and distally

A

proximally: acetabulum, labrum, transverse ligament
distally: above Trochanteric crest and intertrochanteric line

36
Q

attachment and coverage of ilofemoral ligament

A

AIIS and acetabula rim, intertrochanteric line

covers anteriorly and superiorly

37
Q

what movements does the iliofemoral ligament prevents

and its other two functions

A

upper fibres prevents adduction with extension and external rotation
lower fibres stretched by abduction with extension and external rotation

helps screw femoral head into acetabulum
prevents posterior pelvic motion and hyperextension in standing

38
Q

attachments and coverage of the ischiofemoral ligament

A

ischial part of acetabula rim and medial greater trochanter

covered posterior femoral neck

39
Q

what movement does the ischiofemoral ligament prevent

A

hyperextension, abduction and medial rotation

40
Q

attachments and coverage of pubofemoral ligament

A

pubic bone and iliofemoral portion of capsule and intertrochanteic line

41
Q

what movements does the pub-femoral ligament prevent

A

overabduction, extension and lateral rotation

42
Q

function of ligamentous teres

A

guide for obturator artery and nerves

43
Q

lateral rotators -list them

A 
piriformis 
superior gemellus 
obturator internus
inferior gemellus 
obturator externus 
Quadratus
44
Q

three important kinesiology concepts for hip movements

A

line of pull and leverage affecting musculature
one vs two joint muscles
CKC or OKC motion

45
Q

how much of their resting length can muscles contract to before cramping

A

70%

46
Q

when position is best force for a muscle (two joint)

A

one joint is lengthened and one is shortened

47
Q

what muscle is the move powerful hip flexor

A

iliopsoas

48
Q

what muscle is most power hip extensor

A

gluteus maximus

49
Q

what muscle group will assist hamstring with hip extension when the hip is in flexion and under resistance

A

adductors

50
Q

when do adductors assist in hip flexion

A

against resistance and low angles of hip flexion

51
Q

what muscle is the strongest hip abductor

A

gluteus medius

52
Q

what do abductors do for the hip in CKC

A

stabilize against hip drop/hike

53
Q

what do adductors function to do in CKC

A

stabilize the hips against drop/hike

54
Q

what muscles are involved in pelvic rotation

A

hip rotators, abdominal obliques, back muscles

55
Q

does power of lateral rotators change throughout hip ROM?

A

no

56
Q

does Power of internal rotators change throughout ROM?

A

yes. 3x more toque when hip flexed past 90 than when hip is extended

EPHE 355 (5 decks)

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