Elbow

Question 1

function of elbow in CKC

Answer 1

stability and power

Question 2

function of elbow in OKC

Answer 2

hand position and function

Question 3

major landmarks of the humerus

Answer 3

condyles, epicondyle, trochlear, capitulum, capitotrochlear groove and trochlear groove, coronoid fossa, radial fossa, olecranon fossa

Question 4

important landmarks of the ulna

Answer 4

olecranon, ulnar groove, trochlear (semilunar notch), trochlear (longitudinal ridge), ulnar tuberosity, radial notch

Question 5

important landmarks of the radius

Answer 5

radial head (fovea), radial neck, radial tuberosity, interosseous border

Question 6

what kind of joint in the trochlear (humeroulnar)

what it is shape

Answer 6

modified uniaxial hinge joint

oblique with trochlea (medial) more distal than capitulum (lateral)

Question 7

rotation of distal humerus related to shaft and rotation o f proximal ulan related to shaft

what is the function of these rotations

Answer 7

humerus = rotated anteriorly 
ulna = rotated posteriorly 

function: increase ROM (145)

Question 8

more flexion in supination or pronation

Answer 8

supination

Question 9

resting position of the radiohumeral joint and closed position of the trochlear joint

Answer 9

full extension and supination

Question 10

open position of the trochlear joint

Answer 10

70 degree flexion and 10 degree supination

Question 11

closed position of the radiohumeral joint

Answer 11

90 flexion, 5 supination

Question 12

resting position of superior radioulnar

Answer 12

35 supination and 70 flexion

Question 13

closed position of super radioulnar

Answer 13

full supination or full pronation

Question 14

what is the cubital angle

Answer 14

result of oblique axis through trochlea and capitulum
combo of GH external rotation, elbow extension and supination
“carrying angle”
larger in females than males

Question 15

what is cubital varus

Answer 15

carrying angle abnormality
result of distal humeral fracture
causes straight line at elbow or hand pointing medially instead of laterally

Question 16

ROM of supination and pronation

Answer 16

90 degrees each

Question 17

how many bursa at elbow
name 3 associated with triceps
what is the main force absorption bursa

Answer 17

7 bursa
Triceps: intratendinous, subtendinous, subcutaneous
Olecranon bursa

Question 18

ligaments at the elbow

Answer 18

medial collateral - anterior, posterior and transverse

lateral collateral

Question 19

stability at proximal radioulnar joint provided by

Answer 19

annular ligament
lateral collateral
oblique cord
quadrate

Question 20

stability at distal radioulnar joint provided by

Answer 20

articular disc (TFCC)
Doral and palmar radioulnar ligaments 
interosseous ligaments

Question 21

what ligaments blend with the capsule

Answer 21

annular

ulnar (medial) collateral ligament

Question 22

what does the medial collateral ligament stabilize against

Answer 22

valgus force

Question 23

what is the cubital tunnel made by

Answer 23

the MCL

Question 24

function of radial collateral ligaments

Answer 24

stabilize against varus forces
stabilize against humeroradial subluxation
assist annular ligaments

Question 25

what is the function and location of the quadrate ligaments

Answer 25

inferior to ulnar notch and attaches to radial neck
resist excessive supination (more than resting pronation)
limits spin of the joint, contributes to radioulnar stability

Question 26

what is the oblique cord

Answer 26

facial band running lateral from below radial notch on teh ulna to below radial tuberosity of the radius
runs in opposition to the fibres of the Interosseous membrane

Question 27

when is the oblique cords tight

Answer 27

in supination

Question 28

function of teh interosseous membrane

Answer 28

reinforce proximal and distal joints
does not limit supination or pronation
shock absorber
muscle attachment site

Question 29

dorsal and palmer radioulnar ligaments

• continuous with?
• support what

Answer 29

continuous with TFCC and joint capsule

support radius against ulna

Question 30

motion where biceps and triceps are synergists

Answer 30

turning the doorknob (twisting)

Question 31

strength peak position of elbow

Answer 31

90-120 degree flexion

Question 32

flexors of the elbow and nerve innervation

Answer 32

brachialis - muscularcutaneous
biceps - musculocutaneous
brachioradialis - radial
pronator teres - median

Question 33

recruitment order of the triceps

Answer 33

single before two joint, smaller before larger
medial, lateral long
long head = strongest and largest

Question 34

peak force position of triceps

Answer 34

70-90 degrees flexion

Question 35

function of triceps of CKC

Answer 35

UE stabilizer

Question 36

function of anconeous

Answer 36

tightens loose posterior capsule during extension

Question 37

elbow extensors and innervation

Answer 37

triceps
anconeous
radial nerve

Question 38

when is supinator able to supinate

Answer 38

motion is slow, resistance is light or elbow is extended

Question 39

does position effects ability of supinator to supinate

Answer 39

no

Question 40

which pronator probates regardless of arm position

Answer 40

pronator Quadratus

Question 41

pronators/supinators and innervation

Answer 41

supinator - radial
biceps - musculocutaneous
pronator teres - medial
pronator Quadratus - median

Question 42

which is recruited first for elbow flexion

Answer 42

brachialis before biceps brachii

Question 43

active insufficient for biceps

Answer 43

full shoulder and bled flexion and supinator

Question 44

active insufficiency for triceps

Answer 44

full shoulders and elbow extension

Question 45

what muscles can extend the elbow in CKC

Answer 45

pectoralis major

Question 46

what muscles are involved in pull ups and how

Answer 46

biceps and brachialis flex elbow concentrically and contrail extension eccentrically

supinator and biceps supinate