Pelvis

Question 1

3 muscles of the Levator Ani?

Answer 1

puborectalis**
pubococcygeus
iliococcygeus

Question 2

Levator Ani origin

Answer 2

posterior aspect of pubis
across obturator interns (as the tendinous arch)
ishial spine

Question 3

Levator Ani insertion

Answer 3

perineal membrane
anal canal
anococcygeal ligament

Question 4

Levator Ani action

Answer 4

suport pelvic contents

reinforces external anal sphincter

Question 5

Levator Ani innervation

Answer 5

pudendal nerve & branches directly from S4

Question 6

Pelvic diaphragm muscles?

- action?

Answer 6

levator ani (puborectalis, pubococcygeus, iliococcygeus)
and
coccygeus muscles

• support and raise pelvic floor
• pulls coccyx forward after deification

Question 7

Greater Sciatic Foramen

• location (pelvic diaphragm)?
• passage from/to?

Answer 7

Superior to pelvic diaphragm

passage for structures to leave pelvic cavity and enter gluteal region

Question 8

Lesser Sciatic Foramen

• location (pelvic diaphragm)?
• passage from/to?

Answer 8

Inferior to pelvic diaphragm

passage for structures to leave gluteal region and enter the perineum
- pudendal neurovascular bundle

Question 9

Ligaments of the sacro-iliac joint

Answer 9

anterior, posterior and interoseous sacro-iliac ligament

• interosseous deep to posterior

Question 10

Interosseous sacro-iliac ligament can be found?

Answer 10

posterior side of pelvis

- deep to posterior sacroiliac ligament

Question 11

How lumbar vertebrae attach to sacrum?

Answer 11

Inferior articular facet of lumbar with Superior articular facet of sacrum (S1)
- Facet Joint (on the posterior side)

Question 12

Arcuate line becomes?

Answer 12

Pectineal Line or Pectin Pubis
(same thing)

*note: pectineal line of the femur also exists

Question 13

10% of the population has what variation?

Answer 13

6 lumbar and 4 sacral vertebrae

Question 14

Between the 2 pubis

Answer 14

pubic symphysis

- superior and inferior pubic ligament

Question 15

Ligament between ischial spine and sacrum

- separates?

Answer 15

sacrospinous ligament

• separates the greater and lesser sciatic foremen

Question 16

Pelvic differences in males and females?

Answer 16

Pelvic inlet
Female: circular
Male: heart shaped

Pubic arch

female: 80-85* (thumb and index finger)
male: 50-60* (index and middle finger)

Question 17

Ligament from ischium to sacrum?

- boney landmarks?

Answer 17

Sacrotuberous ligament

• lower transverse sacral tuberosity to ischial tuberosity

Question 18

Ligaments that prevent upward tilting of sacrum?

- location of ligaments?

Answer 18

Sacrospinous Ligament
- ischial spine to sacrum

Sacrotuberous Ligament
- ischial tuberosity to sacrum

Question 19

1 muscle to remember of the levator ani

- travels?

Answer 19

Puborectalis

• around anal sphincter
• attaches to other side (posterior aspect of pubis)

Question 20

Coccygeus origin

Answer 20

ischial spine and scarospinous ligament

Question 21

Coccygeus insertion

Answer 21

lateral border of coccyx and

inferior sacrum

Question 22

Coccygeus action

Answer 22

supports pelvic contents

- with levator ani

Question 23

Coccygeus innervation

Answer 23

branches from S3 and S4

Question 24

Difference between internal and external sphincter muscles

Answer 24

External -> skeletal muscle

Internal -> smooth (deeper)

Question 25

Psoas Major origin

Answer 25

lateral surface of T12-L5 vertebral bodies, transverse processes and IV discs

Question 26

Psoas Major insertion

Answer 26

lesser trochanter of femur

Question 27

Psoas Major action

Answer 27

hip flexion external rotation lateral flexion of trunk

Question 28

Psoas Major innervation

Answer 28

anterior branch of L1-L3

Question 29

Psoas Minor origin

Answer 29

lateral surface of T12-L1 vertebral bodies and IV discs

Question 30

Psoas Minor insertion

Answer 30

pectineal line of pelvis

Question 31

Psoas Minor action

Answer 31

(not sure)*** | - lateral flexion of trunk?

Question 32

Psoas Minor innervation

Answer 32

anterior branch of L1

Question 33

Iliacus origin

Answer 33

upper 2/3 of iliac fossa iliolumbar and anterior sacroiliac ligaments upper antero-lateral surface of sacrum

Question 34

Iliacus insertion

Answer 34

lesser trochanter of femur

Question 35

Iliacus action

Answer 35

hip flexion, stabilization | acts with psoas major

Question 36

Iliacus innervation

Answer 36

femoral nerve (L2-L4)

Question 37

Quadratus Lumborum origin

Answer 37

Transverse process of lumbar vertabrae | Iliac crest

Question 38

Quadratus Lumborum insertion

Answer 38

Inferior border of rib 12

Question 39

Quadratus Lumborum action

Answer 39

extension and lateral flexion of vertebral column

Question 40

Quadratus Lumborum innervation

Answer 40

anterior branch of T12 and L1-L4

Question 41

Nerves of the Lumbar plexus

Answer 41

``` iliohypogastric - (L1) ilioinguinal - (L1) genitofemoral - (L1,L2) lateral femoral cutaneous - (L2,L3) femoral - (L2,L3,L4) obturator - (L2,L3,L4) ``` "2 i giants like funny ogres"

Question 42

Nerves of the sacral plexus

Answer 42

``` lumbosacral trunk - (L4, L5) superior gluteal - (L4, L5, S1) inferior gluteal - (L5, S1, S2) sciatic - (L4-S3) pudendal - (S2, S3, S4) ``` "last semester I studied physics"

Question 43

Spinal nerves - difference between anterior and posterior roots

Answer 43

anterior roots = efferent - motor output muscles posterior roots = afferent - sensory input

Question 44

Genitofemoral nerve path

Answer 44

pierces psoas major | - splits into genital part (medial) / femoral part (lateral)

Question 45

Femoral nerve path

Answer 45

deep to inguinal ligament

Question 46

Lateral femoral nerve path

Answer 46

across iliacus

Question 47

Obturator nerve path

Answer 47

exits hip cavity through obturator canal

Question 48

ilioinguinal nerve travels with

Answer 48

iliohypogastric nerve