Pelvis

Question 1

What bones make up the pelvic girdle?

Answer 1

• ilium
• ischium
• pubis
• sacrum

Question 2

What makes up the Greater (False) pelvis? What is it occupied by?

Answer 2

• it is superior to the pelvic inlet

- Occupied by abdominal Viscera

Question 3

What makes up the lesser (True) pelvis? What is it occupied by?

Answer 3

• Between pelvic inlet and outlet
• occupied by pelvic viscera and deep perineum
• the floor is the pelvic diaphragm

Question 4

What is the ischioanal fossa?

Answer 4

-A large fascia-lined wedge shaped space between skin and anal region/pelvic diaphragm

Question 5

What are the nerve roots of the pudendal nerve?

Answer 5

S2-4

Question 6

What does the pudendal nerve do?

Answer 6

• sensory afferents from external genitalia and skin around anus and perineum
• motor supply to external uretrhal and anal sphincters

Question 7

What are the three branches of the pudendal nerve?

Answer 7

• inferior anal nerve
• perineal nerve
• dorsal nerve of the penis/clitoris

Question 8

What are the three branches of the pudendal artery?

Answer 8

• Inferior rectal
• perineal artery
• dorsal artery of penis/clitoris

Question 9

What does the pudendal artery supply?

Answer 9

-main artery of perineum including muscles and skin of anal & urogenital triangles and erectible bodies

Question 10

What ligament attaches the anal canal to the coccyx?

Answer 10

-the anococcygeal ligament

Question 11

Describe the blood supply to the scrotum.

Answer 11

• anterior scrotal arteries of femoral origin

- Posterior scrotal arteries of pudendal origin

Question 12

Describe the nerve supply to the scrotum.

Answer 12

Anterior:

• ilioinguinal (L1)
• Genitofemoral (L1-2)

Posterior:
-Superficial perineal (S2-4)

Question 13

What are the two parts of the root of the Penis?

Answer 13

• Two crura of the penis

- the bulb of the penis

Question 14

Describe the Ligaments of the penis.

Answer 14

• Suspensory ligament: forms sling to anchor the root to the pubic symphysis
• Fundiform ligament descends from linea alba to blend into dartos fascia, forming a scrotal septum

Question 15

What are the deep arteries of the penis called in the flaccid state?

Answer 15

-Helicine arteries of the penis

Question 16

What artery supplies blood flow to the skin of the penis?

Answer 16

-Branches of the femoral artery

Question 17

What is the parasympathetic innervation of the penis?

Answer 17

-pelvic splanchnics (S2-4) to the helicine arteries

Question 18

What are the three features of the Anal Triangle?

Answer 18

• ischioanal fossa
• Pudendal canal
• Anal Canal

Question 19

What does the prostate gland empty into?

Answer 19

-the prostatic sinus of the urethral crest

Question 20

What does the ejaculatory ducts empty into?

Answer 20

-either side of the prostatic utricle of the urethral crest

Question 21

What is a forward angle between the vagina and cervix called?

Answer 21

Anteversion

Question 22

What is a forward angle between the cervix and the body of the uterus called?

Answer 22

-anteflexion

Question 23

What three structures are palpable in the lateral fornix?

Answer 23

• ischial spine
• uterine artery
• Ureter

Question 24

What structures are palpable from the rectal exam?

Answer 24

• prostate

- seminal vesicles

Question 25

What space allows the bladder to distend inferiorly?

Answer 25

-retropubic space

Question 26

Where are the seminal vesicles in releation to the ampullae of the ductus deferens?

Answer 26

-laterally

Question 27

What are the three levels of pelvic support?

Answer 27

- suspension - attachment - fusion

Question 28

What are the branches of the posterior division of the internal iliac artery?

Answer 28

- Ilio-lumbar - Lateral Sacral - Superior Gluteal - (sometimes inferior gluteal)

Question 29

Where does the ureter run in relation to the uterine and vaginal arteries?

Answer 29

-ureter runs between the uterine and vaginal arteries

Question 30

What does the uterine artery anastamose with?

Answer 30

-the ovarian artery

Question 31

What spinal cord levels does the pudendal nerve arise from?

Answer 31

S2-4

Question 32

Where does lymph from the superior rectum drain?

Answer 32

Inferior Mesenteric Lymph Nodes

Question 33

Where does lymph from the Middle Rectum drain?

Answer 33

Internal Iliac Lymph Nodes

Question 34

Where does uterine pain refer to?

Answer 34

upper back

Question 35

Where does lymph from the Inferior rectum drain?

Answer 35

-Internal Iliac Lymph nodes

Question 36

Where does lymph from the anal region below the pectinate line drain?

Answer 36

-Suerficial inguinal node

Question 37

Where does lymph from the Testes drain?

Answer 37

- Paraaortic Lymph Nodes | - Level of L1

Question 38

What is Alcock's Canal?

Answer 38

-tunnel within obturator internus fascia, through which the obturator Nerve, artery, and Vein run