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Term 2: Gross Anatomy > Guts n Stuff > Flashcards

Guts n Stuff Flashcards

(51 cards)

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1
Q

What are the boundaries of the epiploic foramen?

A

Superior = Liver

Inferior = Duodenum

Posterior = IVC

Anterior = Hepatoduodenal ligament

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2
Q

What composes the portal triad of the hepatoduodenal ligament?

A
  • Hepatic Portal Vein
  • hepatic Artery Proper
  • Common Bile Duct
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3
Q

What structure does the falciform ligament derive from?

A

-the primitive ventral mesentary

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4
Q

What does the obliterated umbilical vein become?

A

-round ligament of the liver -or- ligamentum teres hepatis

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5
Q

Where is the jejunum generally located?

A

-left upper quadrant of the abdomen

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6
Q

Where is the ileum generally located?

A

-right lower quadrant of the abdomen

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7
Q

What are the primarily retroperitoneal structures?

A
  • aorta
  • IVC
  • Kidneys
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8
Q

What are the secondarily retroperitoneal structures?

A
  • duodenum
  • ascending colon
  • descending colon
  • pancreas
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9
Q

What are the three sections of the developing gut tube based on arterial supply?

A
  • foregut = celiac trunk
  • Midgut = superior mesenteric
  • Hindgut = Inferior mesenteric
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10
Q

What composes the forgut?

A

-lower esophagus to 2nd stage of duodenum

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11
Q

What composes the midgut?

A

-2nd stage of duodenum to proximal 2/3 of transverse colon

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12
Q

What composes the hindgut?

A

-distal 1/3 of transverse colon to rectum

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13
Q

What vertebral level is the transpyloric plane?

A

L1

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14
Q

What is located in the transpyloric plane?

A
  • pyloric sphincter
  • gall bladder
  • hilum of left kidney
  • body of the pancreas
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15
Q

What surface feature of the stomach identifies the pylorus?

A

-the angular notch

Angular incisure

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16
Q

What are the folds inside the stomach called?

A

-rugae

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17
Q

What structure is inside the stomach along the lesser curvature?

A

the gastric canal

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18
Q

Which portion of the duodenum receives the bile duct?

A

-2nd stage

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19
Q

What portion of the duodenum is supported by the ligament of treitz?

A

-4th stage

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20
Q

What stages of the duodenum are retroperitoneal?

A

2nd, 3rd, and 4th

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21
Q

A cross section at which vertebral level will cross through the middle portion of the 2nd stage of the duodenum?

22
Q

Within what structure does the tail of the pancreas lie?

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A

-the lienorenal ligament

23
Q

The main pancreatic duct joins the common bile duct and empties into the duodenum via what structure?

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A

-the major duodenal papilla

24
Q

What are the boundaries of the triangle of calot?

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A
  • the common hepatic duct
  • the cystic duct
  • the surface of the liver
  • the origin of the cystic artery
25
What is contained within the triangle of calot?
the cystic artery
26
What is the real FUNCTIONAL division between the left and right lobes of the liver?
-An imaginary line from the gall bladder to the IVC
27
What is the division of the anatomical loves of the liver?
The falciform ligament
28
What are the relationships of the spleen?
- kidney - diaphragm (and costal diaphragmatic recess) - stomach - pancreas (Tail) - Colic flexure
29
What is ileal Diverticulum, and what are possible contributions of it?
- a remnant of the vitelliine duct is found in 2% of the population - sometimes it may still be attached to the umilicus and may serve as a source for twisting or strangulations of the gut tube
30
Around what vertebral level marks the bifurcation of the aorta?
L4
31
What is the meandering mesenteric artery of Moskowitz?
an anastomotic connection between the middle colic and left colic arteries
32
What are the circular folds on the interior of the small intestine called?
-plicae circularis
33
What is the surface marker of the appendix?
- 1/3 of the way between the ASIS and the umbilicus. | - McBurne's point
34
What is rebound tenderness indicative of?
-perotinitis
35
What are the regions of portal/systemic anastomosis?
- around esophagus - around the umbilicus - around retroperitoneal bowel - Veins around the rectum
36
What are esophageal varices?
-enlargement of the veins around the esophagus
37
What veins may become enlarged as a result of portal hypertension?
- esophageal veins - paraumbilical veins - veins of the retroperitoneal body wall (lumbar, azygous, hemiazygous) - Rectal veins
38
What is Gerota's Fascia?
-a layer of fascia that surrounds the kidneys posterior to the peritoneum
39
Which is most anterior, renal vein or artery?
-Renal vein
40
What is most posterior, renal vasculature or ureter/pelvis?
-renal ureter and pelvis
41
What are the three constriction points of the ureters where kidney stones may get stuck?
1. at junction with renal pelvis 2. at bifurcation of common iliacs 3. at entry into urinary bladder
42
What is the blood supply to the adrenal glands?
- aorta directly - renal arteries - inferior phrenic arteries
43
At what vertebral level does the aorta pass posterior to the diaphragm?
-T12
44
At what vertebral level does the celiac trunk exit the aorta?
T12
45
At what vertebral level is the transpyloric plane?
L1
46
At what vertebral level is the hilum of the right kidney and second stage of the duodenum?
L2
47
At what vertebral level does the inferior mesenteric artery exit the aorta?
L3
48
At what vertebral level does the superior mesenteric artery exit the aorta?
L1
49
At what vertebral level does the umbilicus lie?
L3/L4
50
At what vertebral level does the aorta bifurcate?
L4
51
At what vertebral level does the inferior vena cava form?
L5

Term 2: Gross Anatomy (5 decks)

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