Pelvis 2

Question 1

At what spinal level does the abdominal aorta biforcate?

Answer 1

L4

Question 2

What is the only portion of the pelvic viscera that does nto recieve blood from the internal iliac artery?

Answer 2

Ovary

Question 3

What are the three parietal branches of the psoterior iliac artery?

Answer 3

1. Iliolumbar-
2. Lateral sacral artery-
3. Superior gluteal artery-

Question 4

Where does the iliolumbar artery travel and what does it supply?

Answer 4

Ascends over the pelvic brim to the iliac fossa

Supplies the psoas major, iliacus and quadratus lumborum

Question 5

Where does the lateral sacral artery travel and what does it supply blood to?

Answer 5

Branches to the sacral canal and mm on the sacrum.

Supplies blood to the sacral canal and musculature on the ventral surface of the sacrum

Question 6

Where does the superior gluteal artery travel and what does it supply blood to?

Answer 6

Passes between the lumbosacral trunk and ventral ramus S1 to exit the pelvis via the greater sciatic foramen

Supplies the gluteal muscles.

Question 7

What is the blood supply the the uterus ?

Answer 7

Ovaria Artery- follows the suspensory ligament as it travels to the mesovarium

**Only Pelvic artery not from the iliac**

Uterine Artery runs with the cardinal ligament situated at the base of the broad ligament

Vaginal Artery- Branch from the inferior vesicle artery. Supplies the upper portion of the vagina

Question 8

What are the 4 arteries that supply the blood to the rectum?

Answer 8

Inferior mesenteric artery branches into the superior rectal artery.

Middle rectal artery

Inferior rectal artery

Question 9

What nerves form the sacral plexus and where are they located?

Answer 9

(L4 _ S3 ventral rami) and location on posterior lateral pelvic wall.

Question 10

What nerves supply sympathetic innervation to the pelvis?

Answer 10

Lower lumbar splanchnics

Question 11

What nerve causes contraction of the internal urethral sphincter preventing leakage of urine and retrograde ejaculation?

Answer 11

Lumbar splanchnic (sympathetic)

Question 12

What separates the seminal vesicles and ductus deferens are separated from the rectum by what?

Answer 12

Rectovesicle pouch

Question 13

What does the internal iliac artery divide into?

Answer 13

1. Posterior division- gives off 3 parietal branches
2. Anterior division- gives off 3 parietal branches and four visceral branches

Question 14

What are the parietal branches of the anterior divison?

Answer 14

1. Obturator
2. Internal Peudendal
3. Inferior gluteal

Question 15

What are the 4 visceral branches of the anterior division?

Answer 15

1. Superior vesicle artery

Question 16

What nerve is formed by the fourth and fifth lumbar spinal nerves?

Answer 16

Lumbosacral trunk

Question 17

What nerves supply sympathetic innervation to visceral structures in the plevis?

Answer 17

Lumbar Splanchnics (L1-2) supply innervation to hindgut and pelvic viscera

**Bladder Rectum and Male Genital tract

Question 18

What provides parasympathetic innervation to the pelvis?

Answer 18

1. Vagus provides parasympathetic innervation to the forgut, midgut, kidneys and gonads
2. Pelvic splanchnics (S2,3,4) supply sympathetic innervation to hindgut and pelvic viscera

Question 19

What nerves are contained in the inferior hypogastric plexus?

Answer 19

Inferior Hypogastric Plexus ( Pelvic Plexus) contains the lower lumbar splanchnics and pelvic splanchnics.

Pelvic Splanchnic - P - Parasympathetic

Question 20

Do lumbar Splanchnics divide into upper and lower fibers? If so where do they synapse?

Answer 20

Yes, Upper lumbar splanchnics synnapse in the inferior lumbar splanchnics. Lower Lumbar splanchnics synnapse in the inferior hypogastric or pelvic plexus

Question 21

What is the afferent pain pathway for visceral structures above the pelvis pain line?

Answer 21

Sympathetic pathways through the lumbar splanchnics through white rami to spinal cord levels T12, L1, L2

Question 22

What is the afferent pain pathway for visceral structures below the pelvic pain line?

Answer 22

They follow parasympathetic pathways through pelvic splanchnics to spinal cord levels S234

Vaginal Cervical pain for child birth is in this pathway

Question 23

What nerve contracts sphincter urethrae? Mantains voluntary urinary continence

What nerve contracts the external anal sphincter and mantainsvoluntary fecal continence?

Answer 23

1. Peudendal nerve
2. Peudendal Nerve

Question 24

1. What nerve mantains contraction of the internal anal sphincer and mantains fecal continence?
2. What nerve mantains contraction of the internal urethral sphincter and prevents leakage of urine and retrograde ejaculation?

Answer 24

1. Lumbar splanchnic nerve (Sympathetic)
2. Lumbar Splanchnic Nerve (sympathetic)

Question 25

What nerve causes secretion of prostate, seminal vesicle and bulbourethral and greater vestibuler glands?

Answer 25

Pelvic Splanchnic (Parasympathetic)

Question 26

What nerve causes emptying of bulbourethral and greater vestibular glands?

Answer 26

Lumbar Splanchnic (Sympathetic)

Question 27

What nerve causes contraction of bulbiospongiosus and ischiocavernous muscles (Helps mantain erection and empty urethra during ejaculation and urination)

Answer 27

Peudendal Nerve

Question 28

What nerve causes contraction of Pelvic and urogenital diaphrams?

Answer 28

Peudendal Nerves

Question 29

What nerve causes contraction of the smooth muscle of the rectum. (emptying rectum during defication)

Answer 29

Pelvic Splanchnic

Question 30

What is responsable for lymph drainage for the overies and testicles?

Answer 30

(Para) Aortic and Lumbar Nodes

Question 31

What is the perineal lymphatic drainage?

Answer 31

Superficial Inguinal Nodes

Question 32

Adenocarcinoma of the overy and testes will spread to first?

Answer 32

Aortic or lumbar lymph nodes

Question 33

What three lymph nodes drain pelvic organs?

Answer 33

Sacral

Internal Iliac

External Iliac