Pelvic Limb Muscles Flashcards
Biceps femoris
caudal muscle of the thigh. 1/3 hamstring muscles.
O: sacrotuberous ligament + ischiatic tuberosity
I: patella, patellar ligament via fascia lata, crural fascia, calcaneal tuber via common calcaneal tendon
A: hip extension, stifle, hock. flex stifle when not weight bearing
N: sciatic nerve
Semitendinosus
caudal muscle of the thigh. 1/3 hamstring muscles.
O: ischiatic tuberosity
I: distocranial tibia, tuber calcanei
A: hip extension, tarsal extension, flex stifle
N: sciatic nerve
Semimembranosus
caudal muscle of the thigh. 1/3 hamstring muscles.
O: ischiatic tuberosity
I: caudomedial aspect of distal femur, medial condyle of tibia via tendon
A: hip extension, flex/extend stifle depending on limb position
N: sciatic nerve
Superficial gluteal muscle
Lateral pelvic muscle. O: sacrum, sacrotuberous ligament I: Third trochanter A: hip extension, limb abduction N: caudal gluteal nerve
Middle gluteal muscle
Lateral pelvic muscle. O: gluteal surface, crest of the ilium I: Greater trochanter A: hip extension, abduct the limb N: cranial gluteal nerve
Tensor fascia latae muscle
O: tuber coxae, aponeurosis of middle gluteal
I: Lateral femoral fascia
A: hip flexion, stifle extension
N: cranial gluteal muscle
Piriformis muscle
deep caudal portion of middle gluteal muscle
O: lateral surface of 3rd sacral and 1st caudal vertebrae
I: Greater trochanter
A: hip extension, abduct the limb
N: caudal gluteal nerve
Deep gluteal muscle
O: ilium near ischiatic spine
I: Greater trochanter
A: hip extension, abduct limb, rotate medially
N: cranial gluteal nerve
Gracilis
O: pelvic symphysis via symphysial tendon
I: cranial border of the tibia and tuber calcanei
A: limb adductor, stifle flexion, extension of hip and hock
N: obturator n.
Sartorius
has cranial and caudal parts. N: femoral nerve
Cranial O: iliac crest and spine
Cranial I: combines with tendon of quadriceps femoris
Cranial A: extend stifle joint, flex the hip
Caudal O: cranial part of ventral iliac spine
Caudal I: crural fascia on the cranial tibia
Caudal A: flex the stifle, flex the hip
Femoral triangle borders
cranial: caudal belly of the sartorius muscle
Caudal: pectineus muscle
Base: inguinal ligament
Pectineus
O: prepubic tendon, iliopubic eminence
I: distal end of medial of the caudal rough face of the femur
A: adducts pelvic limb
N: obturator nerve
Adductor
made up of adductor longus and the magnust et. brevis. O: pelvic symphysis I: lateral lip of the femur A: adductor of pelvic limb N: obturator nerve
Iliopsoas
made up of psoas major and iliacus.
Psoas O: lumbar vertebrae
Iliacus O: ventral border of ilium
Insertion: lesser trochanter
A: flexion of hip and lumbar vertebral column
N: femoral n., ventral lumbar spinal nerves
External obturator
O: ventral surface of the pelvis
I: Trochanteric fossa
A: rotate limb laterally
N: obturator nerve
Quadratus femoris
O: ventral surface of caudal portion of the ischium
I: trochanteric fossa
A: Lateral rotation of the hip, extend hip
N: sciatic nerve
Internal obturator
O: pelvic side of pubis and ischium
I: trochanteric fossa
A: rotate limb laterally
N: sciatic
Gemelli
O: outer surface of the ischium
I: trochanteric fossa
A: rotate limb laterally
N: sciatic nerve
Rectus femoris
O: rectus femoris surface
I: tibial tuberosity via quadriceps tendon
A: flex hip, extend stifle
N: femoral nerve
Vastus medialis
O: proximal 1/5th of the femur
I: tibial tuberosity (quad tendon)
A: extend stifle
N: femoral
Vastus lateralis
O: craniolateral part of the proximal femur
I: tibial tuberosity (quad tendon)
A: extend stifle joint
N: femoral
Vastus intermedius
O: vastus lateralus
I: tibial tuberosity (quad tendon)
A: extend stifle joint
N: femoral nerve
Cranial tibial
O: extensor groove, lateral edge of tibia
I: plantar surface of metatarsal 1 and 2
A: flex tarsus, rotate paw laterally
N: common peroneal nerve
Peronius (fibularis) longus
O: lateral condyle of the tibia, proximal fibula, lateral epicondyle of the femur
I: 4th tarsal and metatarsals
A: flex tarsus, rotate paw medially
N: common peroneal nerve
Long digital extensor
O: extensor fossa on lateral epicondyle of femur
I: distal phalanx of digits II-V
A: flex tarsus, extend digits
N: common peroneal
Superficial digital flexor
O: lateral supracondylar tuberosity
I: plantar aspect of middle phalanges II-V, contributes to common calcanean
A: extend tarsal joints, flex digits
N: tibial nerve
Gastrocnemius
O: medial and lateral supracondylar tuberosities of the femur
I: tuber calcanei, contributes to common calcanean
A: extend tarsus, stifle flexion
N: tibial nerve
Popliteus
O: plantar surface of the lateral condyle of femur
I: proximal 1/3rd of caudal tibia
A: rotates limb medially
N: tibial nerve
Lateral digital flexor
O: proximal half of the caudal fibula, proximal caudolateral aspect of the tibia, interosseous membrane
I: flexor tubercle of each phalanx
A: extend tarsal joints, flex digits
N: tibial nerve
Medial digital flexor
O: head of fibula
I: plantar aspect of distal phalanx II-V
A: extend tarsal joint, flex digits
N: tibial nerve
