Pelvic Girdle and Hip Joint Flashcards
Hip Joint
Designed for weight bearing and locomotion
Which is more stable, shoulder joint or hip joint?
hip joint is more stable, but can move through reduced ROM
Why is the hip joint more stable?
Acetabulum is a much deeper socket
Strong ligaments are positioned posterior and anterior to the femoral head
Any tension in these ligaments twists the head of the femur deeper into the acetabulum,
e.g. during hip extension
What type of joint is the hip joint?
A ball and socket joint
The hip joint is comprised of…
The head of femur connecting w/ acetabulum of pelvic girdle, the pelvic girdle, and the femur
What is the longest bone in the body?
the Femur
Pelvic Girdle
contains the right & left pelvic bone joined together posteriorly by sacrum
the pelvic bones are the ilium, ischium, & the pubis
Sacrum
extension of spinal column with 5 fused vertebrae
extending inferiorly is the coccyx
3 ares of the pelvic bone
Ilium (upper two fifths), Ischium (posterior & lower two fifths), Pubis (anterior & lower one fifth)
Joints (anteriorly)
Two pelvic bones join to form symphysis pubis, amphiarthrodial
forms the sacroiliac joints posteriorly of the pelvic girdle
Sacrum; located between the 2 pelvic bones. Forms…
Joints
Large & heavy bones covered by thick, heavy muscles
Very minimal oscillating-type movements occur in sacroiliac joints, as in walking
Body movements usually involve…
usually involve entire pelvic girdle & hip joints
Acetabulofemoral joint
most mobile joints of body (except glenohumeral)
what type of joint is the acetabulofemoral joint
Enarthrodial-type joint
Femoral head inserting into acetabulum
Reinforced by extremely strong & dense ligamentous capsule, especially anteriorly
Ligamentum Teres femoris
Direct attachment from the acetabulum to the femoral head
Acetabulofemoral joint; Iliofemoral or Y ligament of Bigelow
located anteriorly, prevents hyperextension
Acetabulofemoral joint; Pubofemoral ligament
located anteromedially & inferiorly, limits excessive extension & abduction
Acetabulofemoral joint; Teres ligament
attaches from deep in acetabulum to a depression in femoral head, slightly limits adduction
Acetabulofemoral joint; Ischiofemoral ligament
located posteriorly, extends from ischium to trochanteric fossa of femur, limits internal rotation
Hip flexion
movement of femur straight anteriorly toward pelvis
Hip extension
movement of the femur straight posteriorly away from the pelvis; sometimes referred to as hyperextension
Hip abduction
movement of femur laterally to side away from midline
Hip adduction
movement of femur medially toward midline
Hip external rotation
rotary movement of femur laterally around its longitudinal axis away from midline; lateral rotation
Hip internal rotation
rotary movement of femur medially around its longitudinal axis toward the midline; medial rotation
Hip diagonal abduction
movement of femur in a diagonal plane away from midline of body
Hip diagonal adduction
movement of femur in a diagonal plane toward midline of body
Anterior pelvic rotation
anterior movement of upper pelvis; iliac crest tilts forward in a sagittal plane; anterior tilt
Posterior pelvic rotation
posterior movement of upper pelvis; iliac crest tilts backward in a sagittal plane; posterior tilt
Anterior & posterior pelvic rotation
sagittal or anteroposterior plane
