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Anatomy Reproduction > Pelvic Floor > Flashcards

Pelvic Floor Flashcards

1
Q

What is the pelvic inlet formed from

A 
Sacral promomtory
Margin of ala
Arcuate line 
Pectin pubis
Pubicle crest and tubercle
Pubic symphysis
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2
Q

What is the pelvic outlet formed from

A 
Pubic symphysis 
Inferior rami of pubis
Sacrotuberous ligament
Sarcosponious ligament
Tip of coccyx
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3
Q

What forms the greater and lesser sciatic foramen

A

Sarctotuberous and spinous ligaments

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4
Q

What travels out the greater sciatic foramen

A

Sciric nerve
Superior gluteal vessels
Pudendal nerve
Piriformis tendon

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5
Q

What travels out the lesser sciatic foramen

A

Pudendal nerve
Internal pudendal artery and vein
Obturator internus tendon

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6
Q

What type of joint is sacroiliac

A

Synovial plane

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7
Q

What type of joint is pubic symphysis

A

Secondary cartilaginous

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8
Q

What is false pelvis like M and F

A 
F = shallow
M = deep
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9
Q

What is true pelvis like M and F

A 
F = wide and shallow
M = narrow and deep
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10
Q

What is inlet like M+F

A 
F = oval 
M = heart shape
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11
Q

What is the size of pelvic outlet M+F

A 
F = large
M = small
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12
Q

What is the subpubic angle in M +F

A 
F = obtuse
M = acute
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13
Q

What is the shape of the obturator foramen in M and F

A 
F = oval
M = round
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14
Q

What is the size of the acetabulum in M and F

A 
F = small
M = large
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15
Q

What makes up the walls of the pelvic cavity

A 
Laterally = obturator interns which occludes foramen
Posterior = piriformis 
Inferior = pubic bones and symphysis
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16
Q

What are the actions of the pelvic floor

A

Support abdominal organs
Resist increase in intra-abdominal pressure
Faecal and urinary incontinence
Separate pelvic cavity from perineum

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17
Q

What muscles make up the pelvic floor and where do they arise

A

Arise from obturator interns
Levator ani muscles
Coccygeus

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18
Q

What nerve supplies elevator ani

A

Pudendal S2-S4

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19
Q

What muscles make up levator ani

A

Puborectalis - most important
Pubococygeus
Iliococcygeys

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20
Q

What is the perineal body and what attaches to it

A 
Between anal and vaginal canal
Support vaginal wall
External anal sphincter
Superficial transverse perineal membrane 
Bulbospongiosus
Ischiocavernosus
21
Q

What is the perineum

A

Lies below pelvic diaphragm

Contains genitalia, perineal muscles and anal canal

22
Q

What is the deep fascia that stretches between right and left pubic arch

A

Perineal membrane

23
Q

What sits above perineal membrane

A

Deep transverse muscle

24
Q

What are the muscles of the perineum

A 
External anal sphincter + urethral sphincter
Bulbospongosis
Ischiocavernosus
Superficial transverse perineal membrane
Deep transverse perineal membrane
25
Q

What nerve supplies the muscles of the perineal

A

Deep branch of perineal

Branch of pudendal

26
Q

What is the action of bulbospongiouss

A

Compress vestibular bulb of penis / vagina found under the muscle
Compress spongy urethra

27
Q

What is the action of ischiocavernosus

A

Compress corpus cavernosum
Maintain erection of penis or clitoris
Crus of clitoris found underneath muscle

28
Q

What are the actions of the perineal membranes

A

Fix and stabilise perineal body

29
Q

Where is the external urethral sphincter found

A

Deep perineal pouch

Bulbourethral gland beside

30
Q

Where is the internal sphincter found

A

At the end of bladder

Continuation of detrusor

31
Q

What are the boundaries of deep perineal pouch

A 
Superior = urogenital diaphragm 
Inferior = perineal membrane 
Laterally = obturator internus
32
Q

What are the contents of the ischio-anal fossa

A

Pudendal nerve

Inferior pudendal artery and vein

33
Q

What does pudendal nerve supply

A

External genitalia
Pelvic muscles
SPhicnters
S2-S4 dermatome

34
Q

What is the function of ischio-anal canal

A

Allow anal canal to expand during defection

35
Q

What blood vessel supplies the perineum

A 
R+L internal iliac 
EXCEPT 
testis / ovaries (gonadal)
Upper rectum (superior mesenteric)
36
Q

What supplies bladder / seminal gland / prostate

A

Superior and inferior vesicle

37
Q

What supplies uterus

A

Uterine

Gives of vaginal to supply vaginal

38
Q

What supplies rectum

A

Superior mesenteric

Middle and inferior rectal

39
Q

What supplies adductor region of thigh

A

Obturator

40
Q

What is the main artery of the perineum

A

Internal pudendal

41
Q

Where do gonadal arteries come off

A

AA

Distal to renal

42
Q

What is the venous drainage of the perineum

A

Internal iliac
Superior rectal
Gonadal
Internal venous plexus

43
Q

What does the upper 1/3 of rectum drain too

A

Portal circulation

44
Q

What is important to know when performing a pudendal nerve block

A

Ischial spine

Always aspirate as beside artery

45
Q

What other nerves are there

A

Ilioguinal(L1) - skin of labia / penis
Enters inguinal at superficial ring
Genitofemoral (L1-L2) - scrotum / anterior thigh
Enters deep ring

46
Q

What plexus supplies female genital tract

A

Pelvic and ovarian

47
Q

What plexus supplies vas defers / seminal / prostate

A

Hypogastric L1-L2 sympa

48
Q

What is parasympathetic supply

A

S2,S3,S4 pelvic splanchnic

Erection

Anatomy Reproduction (3 decks)

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