Pelvic and Perineal Myology Flashcards
What is the name of the fibromuscular mass in the midline between the Anal Canal and the Perineal Membrane? It acts as a muscle attachment site for many of the muscles in the pelvic floor.
Perineal Body
List the three muscles that are part of the Superficial Perineal Muscles.
- Superficial Transverse Perineal M.
- Ischiocavernosus M.
- Bulbospongiosus M.
Which Nerve innervates the Superficial Perineal Muscles?
Deep Perineal Nerve
What is the function of the Superficial Perineal Muscles?
Compress the venous drainage and maintain erect erectile tissue
List the two muscles that are in the Urogenital Diaphragm.
- External Urethral Sphincter M.
2. Deep Transverse Perineal M.
Which nerve innervates the Deep Transverse Perineal N.?
Deep Perineal N.
Which nerve innervates the External Urethral Sphincter M.?
Dorsal Nerve of the Penis or Clitoris.
In the female, what are the two parts that make up the external urethral sphincter muscle?
- Compressor Urethrae M.
2. Urethrovaginal Sphincter M. (Anchors the muscle to the vagina)
What is the big difference in the structure of the Deep Transverse Perineal M. in males and females?
Males - Skeletal Muscle
Females - Smooth Muscle
Name the two Anal Muscles
- External Anal Sphincter M.
2. Internal Anal Sphincter M.
What is the innervation for the external anal sphincter m.?
Inferior Rectal N.
What is the innervation for the internal anal sphincter?
Parasympathetic fibers from Pelvic Splanchnic Nerves (smooth muscle)
What are the four muscles that make up the Pelvic Diaphragm?
- Coccygeus M.
- Puborectalis M.
- Pubococcygeus M.
- Iliococcygeus M.
What are the components of the Levator Ani Ms.?
- Puborectalis M.
- Pubococcygeus M.
- Iliococcygeus M.
What is the innervation of the Levator Ani Ms.?
Nerve to Levator Ani M. (S4), Inferior Rectal N., and Branches of the coccygeal Plexus
What is the innervation of the Coccygeus M.?
Nerve to the Coccygeus (S4-S5) and branches of the coccygeal plexus
Which muscle maintains the Anorectal Flexure?
Puborectalis M.
What is the overall function of the Levator Ani Ms.?
Support Pelvic Viscera and resist an increase in intra-abdominal pressure
Which muscle is on top of the sacrospinous ligament?
Coccygeus M.
List the four muscles that are coming off of the Pubococcygeus M.
- Levator Prostate M. (Male)
- Pubovaginalis M. (Female)
- Puboperinealis M.
- Puboanalis M.
What are the two muscles that are considered Lateral Pelvic Wall Muscles?
- Obturator Inturnus M.
2. Piriformis M.
What is the innervation for the Obturator Internus M.?
Nerve to Obturator Internus M.
What is the innervation for the Piriformis M.?
Nerve to Piriformis M.
