pelvic

Question 1

what is hydrostatic pressure

Answer 1

Hydrostatic pressure across capillary wall

capillary | intertitium

Question 2

kidney blood flow %

Answer 2

20%

Question 3

what is oncotic pressure

Answer 3

Oncotic pressure within the capillary

Question 4

dermatomes for retroperitoneal organs

Answer 4

T12-L4

Question 5

where does afferent renal arteriole deliver blood

Answer 5

delivers blood to the nephron

Question 6

where does efferent renal arteriole deliver blood

Answer 6

supply the tubular system.

Question 7

signs of bladder perforation in cysto

Answer 7

Unexplained hemodynamic instability
Failure of irrigant to be returned

Question 8

Contraindications to EWSL

Answer 8

Active UTI
Bleeding disorder
Coagulopathy
Distal obstruction
Pregnancy

Question 9

Side effects of EWSL

Answer 9

Bruising
Hematuria
Arrhythmias

Question 10

Positioning for Percutaneous nephrolithotomy

Answer 10

Prone

Question 11

Where is scope put in for Percutaneous nephrolithotomy

Answer 11

Lower renal calyx

Question 12

Major complications of Percutaneous nephrolithotomy

Answer 12

Sepsis
Bleeding
Pelvic or uterine tears
Pneumothorax
Hemothorax
Anaphylaxis secondary to contrast dye

Question 13

TUIP: transurethral incision of prostate

Answer 13

<30g
Obstruction near bladder neck
Incision cause the prostatic urethra to open

Question 14

how does obturator nerve cause bladder perforation?

Answer 14

Stim → adductor contraction → bladder perforation

Question 15

what is the principal factor contributing to the neurologic and hypovolemic changes considered to reflect TURP syndrome

Answer 15

Hypoosmolality

Question 16

Why are spinals helpful in turp?

Answer 16

Use a regional technique with light sedation so that mental changes can be identified.

Question 17

Hyponatremia

Answer 17

Widened QRS
ST elevation
VT/VF
T wave inversion

CNS changes
Reduced inotropy
Low voltage ECG

Question 18

Glycine toxicity effect on eyes

Answer 18

Transient blindness

Question 19

Ammonia toxicity

Answer 19

N/V
CNS depression

Question 20

Uptake of 1 L within 1 hr will drop Na by how much?

Answer 20

5-8 mEq/L

Question 21

blood loss with turp

Answer 21

Blood loss: 2-5 ml/min resection time

Question 22

sodium loss with turp

Answer 22

Serum sodium nadir: 132-135 mmol / L

Question 23

fluid absorbed with turp

Answer 23

Absorbed: 10-30 mL of fluid of resection time

Question 24

How fast to correct hyponatremia

Answer 24

<0.5meq/l/hour <8 meq / day

Question 25

Open nephrectomy position

Answer 25

Jacknife lateral

Question 26

What dermatome is cystectomy

Answer 26

t4

Question 27

do you need a urostomy with partial cystectomy?

Answer 27

no

Question 28

Can you use nitrous in a nephrectomy

Answer 28

nah

Question 29

Why do you need to limit fluids to 1 L to prevent turp syndrome

Answer 29

Urine can leak into the abdominal cavity while bladder is separated from the urethra

Question 30

What meds do you give for bleeding during hysteroscopy

Answer 30

Pitocin
Hemabate: Careful with asthmatics and pulm htn
Methergine

Question 31

how many weeks gestation (full stomach?)

Answer 31

12-14 weeks or 20 weeks)

Question 32

robotic hysterectomy may need what dye

Answer 32

Indigo carmine:

requested towards
the end of the case to assess ureters

Question 33

Neuraxial Kidney dermatome

Answer 33

t8-l4

Question 34

sympathetic innervation

Answer 34

Pregang T8-L1
Pain T10-L1

Question 35

parasympathetic

Answer 35

S2-S4

Question 36

Retroperitoneal organs

Answer 36

T 12 - L 4