Peds Week 6 Respiratory Flashcards
How is the child’s respiratory system different from the adult’s?
- chest diameter is smaller
- abdominal breathing
- increased rib pliability
- shorter/narrower pharynx and airways
- increased compliance
- fewer alveoli
- short and open eustachian tube
What work of breathing characteristics should be assessed?
- head bobbing
- nasal flaring
- grunting
- intercostal retractions
What are 4 causes of common upper RTIs?
- Otits media
- tonsilitis
- viral and bacterial causes
- croup syndromes
What are 2 causes of lower RTIs?
- Bronchiolitis
2. Pneumonia
What are 4 chronic respiratory disorders?
- Asthma
- allergies
- BPD
- CF
What causes Otitis media? why?
HIB and S. pneumoniae
short/horizontal eustachian tubes doen’t allow proper fluid drainage
what are contributing factors for OM?
URI
allergy
second hand smoke
supine feeding
what decreases incidence of OM?
Breast feeding
What assessment findings indicate OM?
earache irritability fever head rolling anorexia
What treatment is indicated for OM?
- Broad spectrum antibiotics
- analgesics (Acetaminophen)
- Surgery (myringotomy, tympanostomy)
What nursing care is indicated for OM?
- pain
- knowledge deficit re: Ab therapy and care for tympanostomy tubes
- Sensory-perception alteration: decreased conductive hearing, speech therapy
What are the S/s of otitis externa?
pain
itching
edema
redness
What is the purpose of cerumen? what causes loss of cerumen?
- protects the ear canal
- repels water
- maintains acidic ear canal to protect from bacterial growth
- moisture causes significant loss of cerumen
How is OE diagnosed and what is treatment?
Dx- physical exam
Tx- topical Ab/ steroids, acetaminophen, keep ears dry, no foreign bodies
Tonsillitis is often assoicated with _____. Causative agents include ___ and ____.
Pharyngitis
Viral and Group A beta hemolytic streptocci
What S/s are seen with tonsillitis?
fever sore throat, hoarseness dysphagia mouth breathing pharyngeal/ tonsillar exudate anterior cervical lymphadenopathy
what causes strep pharyngitis/tonsillitis?
inflammation of the tonsils and pharynx due to GABHS infection
What is the nursing care for viral tonsillits?
Bacterial?
warm gargles, fluids, cool moist air, bedrest and analgesics
Penicillin
What is the priority post-operative care following tonsillectomy?
positioning: abdomen or side lying to promote clear airway.
Avoid red fluids.
Suction away secretions.
What are common concerns following tonsillectomy?
mouth odor
ear pain
fever
muffled voice
What are the 3 Croup syndromes?
Acute spasmodic croup (laryngitis)
Laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB)
Acute epiglottitis
What is the classic symptom of spasmodic croup?
What is the applicable nursing care?
Barking cough
Home care, warm mist, humidify air (warmth decreases inflammation in airway)
What causes acute laryngotracheobronchitis?
Parainfluenza virus
RSV
influenza
mycoplasma pneumoniae
What is the Ns care for Acute LTB?
Resp assessment Misted air/ O2 Racemic Epi Corticosteroids Fluid support Rest and calm
