Peds, peds, all kinds of peds Flashcards
APGAR elements
Breathing effort Heart rate Muscle tone Reflexes Skin color
APGAR Breathing Effort Grades
Not breathing - 0.
Respirations are slow or irregular - 1
Infant cries well - 2
APGAR Heart rate grades
No heartbeat - 0
Heart rate less than 100 bpm - 1
Heart rate exceeds 100 bpm - 2
APGAR muscle tone grades
Muscles are loose and floppy - 0
Some muscle tone - 1
active motion - 2
APGAR reflexes grades
Stimulation such as a mild pinch:
No reaction - 0
Grimacing - 1
Grimacing and a cough, sneeze, or vigorous cry - 2
APGAR skin color grades
Skin color is pale blue - 0
Body is pink and extremities are blue - 1
Entire body is pink - 2
APGAR score interpretation
A score of 7, 8, or 9 is normal and is a sign that the newborn is in good health. A score of 10 is very unusual, since almost all newborns lose 1 point for blue hands and feet, which is normal for after birth.
Barlow Maneuver
Special test for hip stability
The hip is first flexed and abducted, then gradually adducted with pressure exerted in a posterior direction. Dislocation of the femoral head over the posterior acetabular rim indicates an unstable hip
Ortolani Maneuver
Special test for hip stability
The hip is dislocated in a position of flexion and
adduction. Gentle flexion, abduction, and slight
traction (the Ortolani maneuver) reduce the hip -> dislocated but reducible
What pediatric reflexes typically integrate at 2 months?
Flexor withdrawal Crossed extension Positive support reaction Stepping/walking reaction Galant
What pediatric reflexes typically integrate at 3 months?
Rooting
What pediatric reflexes typically integrate at 4 months?
Palmar grasp
Moro
Head lag with pull to sit
What pediatric reflexes typically integrate at 5 months?
Startle
ATNR
What pediatric reflexes typically integrate at 6 months?
Neonatal neck righting
TLR
Placing reactions
STNR (6-8 months)
What pediatric reflexes typically integrate at 9 months?
Plantar grasp
