PEDs mod 8

Question 1

Spontaneous descent of testes usually occurs before what age?

Answer 1

6 mo

Question 2

Which of the following organisms is seen in most uncomplicated cystitis cases in children?

Answer 2

E. Coli

Question 3

A common cause of renal hepertension in neonates includes which of the following?

Answer 3

Renovascular disease

Question 4

A 6 month old baby boy is noted to have the urethral valve on the ventral surface of his penis. Which of the following does this describe?

Answer 4

Hypospadias

Question 5

A 4 year old girl is brought to the clinic for abdominal pain. The urinalysis is suggestive of infection. On PE she is afebrile and appears to be in no distress. Which of the following is the best initial treatment for this child?

Answer 5

Outpatient antibiotics

Question 6

A child with a pre-renal disorder is most likely suffering from which of the following.

Answer 6

Dehydration

Question 7

A child who has been previously healthy is diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome. which of the following is mc cause of childhood

Answer 7

Minimal change dz

Question 8

6 year old with gross hematuria, edema, and hypertension. RBC’s and trace protein.

Answer 8

Glomerulonephritis

Question 9

MC initial presentation of nephrotic syndrome?

Answer 9

Sudden onset of dependent pitting edema.

Question 10

Which of the following is a classic feature of HUS?

Answer 10

Thrombocytopenia.

Question 11

UTI suspicion

Answer 11

< 2yr with fever

Question 12

Gold standard for UTI

Answer 12

UA and Culture

Question 13

Sterile inflammation

Answer 13

Sterile pyuria

Question 14

More specific vs more sensitive for UTI.

Answer 14

Nitrate specific, Leukocyte sensitive.

Question 15

How to get a urine sample on infants.

Answer 15

Straight cath

Question 16

Imaging

Answer 16

Renal ultrasound

Question 17

How to tx UTI in kids younger than 3.

Answer 17

Children < 3 yo Tx emperically.

Question 18

Grades 1-3 resolve by age 3.

Answer 18

Vesicoureteral reflux.

Question 19

Cystitis Tx.

Answer 19

Uncomplicated: amoxicillin or sulfamethoxazole or cephalexin
Complicated cystitis: Ceftriazone
Recurrent Cystitis: Sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim or Nitrofurantoin.

Question 20

Spagetti and meatballs

Answer 20

yeast

Question 21

Protein in urine.

Answer 21

If protein in UA need to confirm with Prot to Cr ratio.

Question 22

If nitrate is negative does that r/o UTI

Answer 22

No

Question 23

Protein and blood in UA.

Answer 23

Glomerular dz*

Question 24

RBC casts

Answer 24

Glomerularnephritis

Question 25

How long do you Tx with antibx?

Answer 25

7-10 days.

Question 26

retracted foreskin in an uncircumcised male that cannot be returned to normal position (emergency)

Answer 26

Paraphimosis

Question 27

non-palpable testes • and proximal hypospadias

Answer 27

Intersexuality endocrine problem

Question 28

Pain, swelling, inflammation of the epididymis • Chlamydia trachomatis • Neisseria gonorrhea • Doppler ultrasound
• STI test

Answer 28

Epididymitis

Question 29

Bimodal incidence : • Perinatal (extravaginal) • Early puberty (intravaginal)
• Risk: Cryptorchid testes • Pain, swelling, erythema, N/V • Exquisitely tender • High riding testes • Transverse orientation
• Surgical Emergency!

Answer 29

Testicular torsion

Question 30

Tx for epididymitis

Answer 30

ceftriaxone 250 mg IM once + doxycycline 100 mg PO BID ×10 days

Question 31

AKA nephroblastoma • Most common form of kidney cancer
• 2nd most common abdominal tumor in children
• Associated with certain birth defects and syndromes
• 2-5 years of age • Abdominal mass/increasing abdomen size
• Overall cure rate about 90%

Answer 31

Wilms tumor

Question 32

cryptorchism vs other?

Answer 32

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia

Question 33

Big cause of renal problems in kids.

Answer 33

HTN