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clin med IV > peds G&D > Flashcards

peds G&D Flashcards

1
Q

well child visits up to one year

A
  • 2 weeks
  • 1 mo
  • 2 mo (i)
  • 4 mo (i)
  • 6 mo (i)
  • 9 mo
  • 12 mo (i)
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2
Q

well child visits after 1 year old

A
  • 15 months (i)
  • 18 months- final autism screen
  • 2 years (i), then yearly
  • 4 years= significant immunization visit
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3
Q

at what age can you predict a childs final height

A
  • by 3 years

- premies catch up growth occurs during first 2-3 years

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4
Q

what objective measurements are taken at all pedi visits

A
  • height
  • weight
  • head circumference/ FOC
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5
Q

vital trends in peds

A
  • HR should be between 60-160
  • pulse decreases over time
  • SBP increases over time
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6
Q

what should kids weigh at their 2 week check up

A
  • their birth weight
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7
Q

how do you weight babies/ kids

A
  • dry diaper only
  • no shoes
  • no things in pockets
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8
Q

when should babies double their birth weight

A
  • 5 months
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9
Q

when should babies triple their birth weight

A
  • by 1 year
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10
Q

what should you do if you get a measurement that you do not expect

A
  • remeasure
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11
Q

when should birth length double

A
  • by 4 years
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12
Q

head circumference

A
  • aka fronto-occipital circumference
  • avg increase by 1 cm/ mo in first year
  • reliable indicator of brain growth for up to 2 years*
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13
Q

when do cranial suture close

A
  • 6 mo

- dont ossify until early adulthood

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14
Q

when do anterior fontanels close

A
  • 9-18 months
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15
Q

BMI in children

A
  • measure/ predictor for obesity and assoc health risks

- BMI > 95%= significant RF for nutritional abnormalities

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16
Q

why are developmental screenings important

A
  • ID delays and their etiology
  • maximize potential of child with appropriate intervention
  • provide support/ reassurance
  • dont ignore screening results*
  • dont rely on informal screening*
  • dont assume that dx a disorder is unnecessary because there is nothing that can be done
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17
Q

important parts of development

A
  • gross motor
  • fine motor
  • language
  • social
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18
Q

when do gross motor and fine motor skills progress

A
  • greatest progress= first 3 years of life
  • first year: rapid acquisition of gross and fine motor skills
  • toddler/ preschooler: rxn time quickens, hand-eye coord, manual dexterity
  • early childhood: lg muscle mvmt, coord is perfected, fine motor skills improve
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19
Q

when do babies sit alone momentarily

A
  • 4-6 mo
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20
Q

when do babies roll on back to stomach *

A
  • 5 mo (4-10 mo)
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21
Q

when do babies sit steadily*

A
  • 7 mo (6-9 mo)
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22
Q

when do babies get to sitting

A
  • 6- 11 mo
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23
Q

when do babies pull to standing*

A
  • 10 mo (7-12 mo)
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24
Q

when do babies walk 3 steps alone

A
  • 9-17 mo
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25
Q

when do babies walk well

A
  • 13 mo
26
Q

when do babies stoop and recover*

A
  • 15 mo
27
Q

when do babies walk backwards

A
  • 18 mo
28
Q

when do kids kick ball forward*

A
  • 2 years
29
Q

when do kids throw ball overhand*

A
  • 3 years
30
Q

when do kids balance on 1 foot, 2 seconds, hop

A
  • 4 years
31
Q

when do kids balance on 1 foot, 3 sec, skip

A
  • 5 years
32
Q

when do kids catch a ball

A
  • 5 years
33
Q

when are babies able to rake*

A
  • 6 mo (5-7 mo)
34
Q

when do babies make lobster claw/ pincer*

A
  • 9 mo (8-10 mo)
35
Q

when do babies perfect the pincer*

A
  • 11 mo (10-12 mo)
36
Q

when do babies scribble *

A
  • 15 mo
37
Q

when do babies imitate vertical or circular strokes, tower of 6 cubes? *

A
  • 2 years
38
Q

what is the most common cause of speech delay

A
  • hearing problems
39
Q

auditory brainstem response

A
  • assessment of hearing in newborns and infants
  • sounds played in baby’s ear
  • measures brain responding to sound
40
Q

otoacoustic emissions

A
  • assess newborns and infants for cochlear function
  • sound played into ear- cochlear response measured
  • if hears normally, echo is reflected back into microphone
41
Q

questions to ask when assessing hearing

A
  • 0-3 mo: does baby startle to loud noise
  • 4-6 mo: does baby turn eyes/ head at sound of your voice
  • 7-9 mo: does baby make string of noise
42
Q

when to refer for speech and/or language assessment

A
  • not talking by 2 y/o
  • unintelligible speech by 3
  • no sentences by 3
  • child is embarrassed by speech at any age
  • hearing loss, mental retardation, autism, dysarthria, stuttering
43
Q

assessment of vision

A
  • red light reflex* in babes
  • corneal light reflex
  • cover/uncover for strabismus
44
Q

vision assessment in new borns

A
  • focus on face

- briefly track object

45
Q

vision assessment at 2 mo

A
  • tracks across midline
  • responsive smile
  • follows mvmt 6 ft away
46
Q

vision assessment at 3 mo

A
  • tracks 180 degrees

- looks at hand

47
Q

vision assessment at 4-5 mo

A
  • reaches for obj 12 inches away

- familiar smile

48
Q

at what age do babies have a social smile

A
  • 2 mo
49
Q

at what age do babies reach for objects

A
  • 6 mo
50
Q

at what age do babies feed themselves, pass object hand to hand

A
  • 9 mo
51
Q

at what age do babies play appropriately with toy

A
  • 12 mo
52
Q

at what age do babies drink from cups

A
  • 18 mo
53
Q

at what age do kids use spoons

A
  • 2 years
54
Q

at what age do kids put on t shirts

A
  • 4 years
55
Q

considerations for premie

A
  • account for degree of prematurity when assessing G&D
  • may only have skills appropriate for their GA
  • more complicated neonatal course have more delays
  • det G&D based on adjusted age
56
Q

early adolescence

A
  • 10-13 yo
  • rapid physical change
  • concerned if dif from peers
  • concrete thinking: vague, unrealistic goals
57
Q

middle adolescence

A
  • 14-16 y/o
  • rapid pubertal growth subsides
  • mood swings
  • formal operation thinking
  • sense of omnipotence
  • self centered
  • estab identity/ experiment with dif image
58
Q

late adolescence

A
  • 17+ y/o
  • less self centered
  • social interest shift from peer group to individual
  • dating more intimate
  • more indep from family
  • abstract thinking
  • realistic future plans
59
Q

leading cause of death in adolescents

A
  • accidents
  • suicide
  • homicide
  • 50% involve drugs and/or alcohol
60
Q

at what point can kids be seen alone

A
  • 11ish
61
Q

what tx can minors consent to

A
  • medical tx except abortion
  • family planning
  • HIV and STI tx
  • substance abuse if 12+ y/o and found to be drug depended by 2 drs
  • mental health tx
62
Q

what is the average age of menarche

A
  • 12.8 years

- ranges from 10-16 y/o

clin med IV (23 decks)

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