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Step 2 > Peds > Flashcards

Peds Flashcards

1
Q

Gold standard diagnosis muscular dystrophy

A

Deletion dystrophin gene Xp21

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2
Q

Causes neonatal polycythemia

A

Maternal DM, HTN, smoking, IUGR; delayed clamping

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3
Q

XLR disorder; impaired cytoskeleton changes in leukocytes, platelets resulting in the triad of eczema, thrombocytopenia, and recurrent infections.

A

Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome

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4
Q

Impaired phagocytosis 2/2 defect in lysosomal storage results in recurrent skin and soft-tissue infections

A

Chediak-Higashi

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5
Q

First step in management of newborn with respiratory compromise and congenital diaphragmatic hernia

A

Intubation followed by ng/ogt

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6
Q

Most common cause of hearing loss in peds

A

Conductive loss 2/2 infections

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7
Q

C1 inhibitor deficency/dysfunction results in

A

Hereditary angioedema

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8
Q

Differences between preseptal cellulitis and orbital cellulitis

A

Orbital: opthalmoplegia, pain with EOM, proptosis, vision impairment

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9
Q

T/F Turner syndrome patients at high risk for… 2/2 low estrogen

A

Osteoporosis

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10
Q

Treatment of X-SCID

A

Stem cell transplant

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11
Q

Gold standard diagnosis of VUR

A

Voiding cystourethrogram

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12
Q

T/F Hisrchsprung disease is a/w Down Syndrome

A

T

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13
Q

Three major bugs in otitis media

A

S. pneumonia, Non-typable H. flu, Moraxella

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14
Q

Breastfeeding vs. Breast milk jaundice

A

Feeding: Lactation failure, dehydration, decreased elimination, increased enterohepatic circulation
Milk: 2 weeks, high levels glucuronidase in breast milk

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15
Q

3 month old with hypoglycemia, lactic acidosis, hyperuricemia, hyperlipidemia

A

G-6-phosphatase (Von Gierkes)

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16
Q

When do you get a renal u/s for peds patients with febrile UTI?

A
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17
Q

HOCM murmur increased with…

A

Abrupt standing, Valsalva

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18
Q

Major cause of death in Fredreich ataxia

A

Cardiomyopathy

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19
Q

Dermatitis herpetaformis

A

Celiac disease

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20
Q

Prostaglandin opens or closes the PDA

A

Opens

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21
Q

Continuous machine like murmur

A

PDA

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22
Q

Which is worse: chlamydial or gonococcal conjunctivitis in a neonate?

A

Gonococcal: IM CTX
Chlamydia: Oral erhthromycin

23
Q

Erythromycin eye drops are used to prevent… in a neonate?

A

Gonococcal conjunctivits

24
Q

Rose spots are characteristic of what infection?

A

Salmonella

25
Q

Limited upward gaze, upper eyelid retraction / brain tumor

A

Pinealoma

26
Q

Precocious puberty, cafe au lait spots, and bone defects

A

McCune-Albright

27
Q

Fibrillin-1

A

Marfan

28
Q

T/F Pertussis has lymphocyte predominant leukocytosis

A

True

29
Q

Croup/barking cough

A

Parainfluenza

30
Q

Bronchiolotitis

A

RSV

31
Q

Initial treatment of clubfoot

A

Immediately; non-surgical (stretching, manipulation)

32
Q

Most frequent complication of mumps

A

Orchitis

33
Q

Asymptomatic, scatered erythematous macules, papules and pustules in a neonate. On histology?

A

Erythema toxicum neonatorum

*Eosinophils

34
Q

Most common cause of aplastic crisis in SCD?

A

Parvovirus B19

35
Q

Herpetic gingivostomatitis vs. Herpangina

A

Herpes: 6 mo- 5 y.o.; anterior oropharynx

Herpangina (Coxackie): 3-10 y.o.; gray vesicles/ulcers posterior oropharynx

36
Q

Koplik spots

A

Measles

37
Q

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis

A

2/2 Measles

38
Q

Niemann-Pick vs. Tay-Sachs

A

NP: Sphingomyelinase (Areflexia)
TS: beta-hexosamidatse (hyperreflexia)

39
Q

Distress, dysphagia, drooling, thumbprint on X-tay

A

Epiglottis (H. flu) – unvaccinated

40
Q

Staph vs. Pseudomonas in CF patients who p/w PNA

A

Staph: younger than 2 y.o.
Pseudomonas: older than 2 y.o.

41
Q

Recurrent skin and mucosal bacterial infections without purulence, severe periodontal disease and marked leukocytosis (w/ delayed separation of umbilical cord)

A

LAD

42
Q

Conduct vs. ODD

A

Conduct: leads to anti-social personality (violates major societal norms)
ODD: Angry/irritable mood and argumentative/defiant behavior

43
Q

Diagnosis of pyloric stenosis is made using what modality?

A

Ultrasound

44
Q

Medical treatment options for acute abnormal uterine bleeding

A

High dose IV/PO estrogen, OCP, progesterone, tranexamic acid

45
Q

Squatting in TOF helps by…

A

Increasing systemic vascular resistance

46
Q

Severe abdominal manifestation of HSP

A

Intussusception

47
Q

Deficiency of niacin leads to…

A

Pellagra (diarrhea, dermatitis, dementia, death)

48
Q

Treatment of choice for intussception

A

Air enema

49
Q

Initial treatment croup

A

CS –> nebs epi

50
Q

PAS+/TdT positive indicates vs. Peroxidase positive

A

ALL vs. AML

51
Q

Auer rods

A

AML

52
Q

To differentiate Marfan from Homocystinuria

A

Marfan: Aortic root dilation
Homocystinuria: Thrombosis

53
Q

Fair hair/eyes, developmental delay and CVA are pathognomic for…

A

Homocystinuria

54
Q

Congenital cataracts, sensorineural hearing loss and PDA

A

Maternal rubella

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