Peds 26-37 Flashcards
Rhabdosarcoma
Rare Cancer that starts as a growth of cells in soft tissue/muscle
Osteosarcoma
The most common type of bone cancer may result in limb amputation
Club foot
Deformity present at birth, which the babies foot is point in and down. Series of cast starting at infancy for treatment
Psoriasis
Autoimmune skin disease that causes rash with itchy, scaly patches most common on the knees, elbows, trunk, and scalp. Caused by over activation of T cells
Circumferential burn
A burn that in circles an extremity, torso, neck, digits
Escharotomy
An emergency surgical procedure that involves cutting into the burned skin to release Eschar and restore circulation
Cellulitis
Bacterial skin infection can potentially spread to lymph nodes and bloodstream, causing sepsis
Dietary needs for burn injury healing
High protein, hydration, increase calorie intake
Diabetes mellitus 2
Affects the way, your body processes, sugar (glucose) for fuel
Effects of untreated diabetes mellitus 2
Sugar causes buildup in the bloodstream leading to long-term consequences
Risk factors of diabetes mellitus 2
Overweight childhood obesity, affects males more than females, diet
Pathophysiology of type two diabetes mellitus
Decrease sensitivity of peripheral tissues to insulin
Hypothyroidism
Endocrine disorder where the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormone
Hypothyroid replacement therapy (Levothyroxine)
Chemically identical to thyroxine T4, which occurs naturally in the body
Levothyroxine side effects
Shakiness rash, weight loss, headache. Delayed bone growth if untreated.
Diabetes insipidus
Uncommon condition causes excessive production of very diluted urine and intense thirst
Diabetes insipidus treatment (DDAVP desmopressin)
Antidiuretic hormone medication
DDAVP desmopressin side effects
Headache, seizures, hyponatremia
Type one diabetes mellitus
High levels of glucose in the blood and urine due to your body, making little to no insulin
Symptoms of diabetes mellitus one
Very thirsty, frequent urination, very hungry, weight loss
Pituitary tumor
Can reduce or increase the production of growth, sexual development, metabolism, and response to stress hormones
Pituitary tumor treatment
Surgical removal possible radiation, lifelong hormone replacement therapy
HIV human immunodeficiency virus
Virus destroys or impairs cells of the immune system and progressively destroy the bodies ability to fight infections and certain cancers
Most commonly spread sexual infection
HIV
Cells that are affected by HIV
CD4 cells, a type of white blood cell and key part of the immune system
Systemic lupus erythematousus
Autoimmune disease causes inflammation in skin, joints, organs leading to damage. bodies immune system attacks itself
Signs and symptoms of systemic lupus erythematousus
Butterfly rash on cheeks and nose, painful joints, depression, isolation weight loss
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Chronic disease that causes joint inflammation in children under 16 (arthritis in children)
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis symptoms
Joint pain, swelling and stiffness, growth, problems, restrict activities due to pain and swelling
allergy to peanuts
Have an emergency care plan and provide epinephrine
Droplet precautions
Pathogens such as influenza. Can spread less than 3 feet from patient. Droplets are 30 to 50 micrometers in size
Haemophilus influenzae type B vaccine (HIB)
Starts between 12 to 15 months. reduces risk of meningitis and epiglottis
Diphtheria
Serious illness causes breathing difficulties, heart problems, nerve damage, pneumonia, and death
Tetanus also known as lockjaw
Causes painful muscle stiffening, convulsions, and can cause death
Pertussis, also known as whooping cough
Uncontrollable coughing, that can make it hard to breathe eat and drink
Diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis (DDTaP) vaccine
Injected intramuscularly in the thigh
Measles
Rash that starts on the face then develops on the body 2 to 4 days later. can result in high fever, cough, runny nose, red and watery eyes
Mumps
Swollen saliva producing glands and neck, fever headache, and muscle aches, testicles in males may cause sterility
Rubella German measles
Fever, sore throat, rash, headache, red and itchy eyes. In pregnancy may result in babies with birth defects
Measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine (MMR) administration
Two doses, to babies and children, 12 to 15 months and 4 to 6 years old
Head lice (pediculus humanus captitis)
Permethrin medicated shampoo, wash in hot water
Giardia
A tiny parasite that lives in the gut excreted by watery diarrhea
Chickenpox (varicella-zoster virus)
Itchy rash with a small fluid filled blisters
Chickenpox (varicella-zoster virus) symptom relief
Calamine lotion, cool baths in baking soda, antihistamines
Scabies (scarcopetes scabiei)
Infected skin caused by tiny mites borrowing under the skin, intense itching
Viral meningitis
Usually not serious and symptoms should disappear within a few weeks
Bacterial meningitis
A medical emergency may result in brain injury and death if not treated, symptoms include a petechial rash
Positive brudzinski
A physical sign that indicates meningitis inflammation, hips and knees flexing involuntary
Positive kernig
Inflammation of the meninges the membranes covering the brain and spinal cord
Positive kernig (positive sign)
Maintain in the knee is extended beyond 135°
Bacterial meningitis testing
Blood cultures and lumbar puncture
