Peds Flashcards
infant HR
100-160
infant RR
30-60
infant UO
1-2ml/kg/h
weight gain by 12months
tripled
IM injection site for infants and newborns
vastus lateralis
year of homes with lead paint
homes built before 1978
recommended BLL screening age
1-2 (up to age 6 if not previously screened)
BLL requiring follow up blood work
> or = to 5
4 defects of tetralogy of fallot
pulmonary stenosis
R ventricular hypertrophy
overriding aorta
VSD
risk for infant botulism
<12months
exposure to spores in honey or soil
age affected by separation anxiety
6-30months
stages of separation anxiety
protest: cries inconsolably
despair: quietly withdrawn
detachment: happy and interested in others
acceptable liquids for first 6months of life
breastmilk
formula
age of mature minors & what they can consent for
14-18
substance abuse psych disorders pregnancy care contraception family planning
emancipated minors
- parents
- married
- military
- financially independent (not living at home)
- high school graduates
- homeless
- court approved emancipation
age for rear facing car seat
0-2 yrs
age for forward facing car seat
2-7 yrs
age for booster seat
4-12 yrs
age for seatbelt
8 yrs and up
age to sit in front seat
> 13 yrs
closure of posterior fontanel
2-3months
closure of anterior fontanel
12-18months
able to roll over from front to back
6 months
development of palmar grasp
6 months
brings objects to mouth
4 months
able to say 3 words other than mama & dada
11-18 months
able to walk well
11-15months
uses pincer grasp
12 months
crawls upstairs
12 months
walks up and down stairs with help
18 months
throws ball overhead & jumps in place
18 months
builds tower of 3 or 4 blocks
18 months
turns 2-3 pages of a book at a time
18 months
scribbles
18 months
uses a cup and spoon
18 months
imitates other
18 months
walks up and down stairs alone (1 step at a time)
2yrs
runs without falling
2 yrs
kicks a ball
2 yrs
turns pages of a book 1 at a time
2 yrs
walks up stairs with alternating feet
3 yrs
rides a tricycle
3 yrs
draws a circle
3 yrs
feeds self without help
3 yrs
asks why questions
3 yrs
states own age
3 yrs
toilet trained
3 yrs
can form sentences of 3-4 words
3 yrs
draws a line
2 yrs
states own name
2 yrs
uses doorknob to open doors
2 yrs
walks downstairs with alternating feet
4 yrs
balances on one foot
4 yrs
catches a ball
4 yrs
draws a square
4 yrs
uses a spoon and fork
4 yrs
can use scissors
4 yrs
ties a simple knot
4 yrs
names more than 2 colors
4 yrs
enjoys telling stories
4 yrs
skips
5 yrs
walks backwards
5 yrs
uses a jump rope
5 yrs
ties shoelaces
5 yrs
prints letters, numbers, or words
5 yrs
counts to 10
5 yrs
speaks full sentences
5 yrs
names coins and days of the week
5 yrs
independently dresses and bathes
5 yrs
can identify real from pretend
5 yrs
neonatal sleep requirements
16-18h/day
infant sleep requirements
14-15h/day
toddler sleep requirements
12-14h/day
preschool sleep requirements
11-13h/day
solitary play
<12 months
parallel play
12-36months
1-3yrs
associative play
3-5yrs
cooperative play
6-10 yrs
sensorimotor cognitive developmental stage
age: ?
characteristics: ?
age: birth-2
characteristics: learning by sense, movement, and exploration
preoperational cognitive developmental stage
age: ?
characteristics: ?
age: 2-7
characteristics: egocentrism, magical thinking, understand future and past, learn through play
concrete operational cognitive developmental stage
age: ?
characteristics: ?
age: 7-11
characteristics: rule-oriented, able to reason
formal operational cognitive developmental stage
age: ?
characteristics: ?
age: 11 +
characteristics: attracted to thinking and reasoning (teach like they are adults)
chest circumference exceeds abdominal circumference
after 2 yrs
Babinski reflex
up to 1-2yrs
rooting reflex
up to 4 months
moro reflex
up to 2 months
palmar reflex
up to 5-6 months
epiglottitis classic s/s
dysphonia
dysphagia
drooling
distressed resp effort
preschool HR
80-120
preschool RR
20-30
preschool BP
95-65
young pt assessment order
least invasive –> most invasive
snellen visual acuity testing
age:?
ft from chart for children:?
identify to pass the line:?
when to seek referral:?
- age: 6 and up
- ft from chart for children: 10
- identify to pass the line: 4-6 letters
- when to seek referral: 20/30 vision
Tx for high BLL
chelation therapy
cariostatic foods (help decrease dental caries)
dairy whole grains fruits veggies sugar fee gum with xylitol
Tx for tinea capitis
ringworm of the scalp
1% selenium sulfide shampoo + antifungal med (griseofulvin)
sits unsupported
6-8 months
begins to laugh
4-5 months
holds rattle when placed in hadn
2-3 months
appropriate toys for toddlers (1-3)
soap bubbles
stacking and nesting toys
stacking blocks
appropriate toys for preschoolers (3-5)
medical play crayons drawing fingerpaints puppets puzzles w/ large pieces
appropriate toys for school age children (6-12)
board games
puzzles
pain scale used for nonverbal children
FLACC scale
Faces Legs Activity Cry Consolability
key s/s of Duchenne muscular dystrophy
gowers sign
components of a myelomeningocele
nerves
meninges
spinal fluid
components of a meningocele
meninges
spinal fluid
cyanotic congenital heart defects
R –> L shunt
tetralogy of fallot
transposition of the great vessels
acyanotic congenital heart defects
L –> R shunting
PDA
ASD
VSD
SVT Tx
HR of 200-300 consistently
stable –> vagal maneuvers
unstable –> adenosine & synchronized cardioversion
hemorrhage of chest tubes –> output amount
> 3ml/kg/h for 3h
or
5-10ml/kg/h for 1h
diaper dermatitis Tx w/ and w/out candida
w/out candida: zinc oxide
w/candida: topical antifungal
percentile indicating FTT
weight below 3-5th percentile
when to start introducing solid foods in the diet
6 months
introduction of whole milk
12 months
diet for PKU
reduce meat, eggs, and milk
replace with fruits/veggies
gain of urethral and anal sphincter control
18-24 months
start assessing for readiness to toilet train
important consideration for children w/ mono
avoid contact sports that may irritate splenomegaly or hepatomegaly
conditions that require sealing unwastable items in bags for extended periods of time
scabies pediculosis capitis (head lice)
