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OB > Peds > Flashcards

Peds Flashcards

1
Q

Infants Stage and one thing to go with it

A

Trust vs mistrust sensory motor exploration

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2
Q

Toddlers stage and two things that go along with it

A

Autonomy vs shame and doubt

Fear of strangers, and separation and anxiety

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3
Q

Preschool stage and one thing

A

Initiative vs guilt vivid imagination

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4
Q

School age kids stages 2 things

A

Industry vs Inferiority understands concept of time and right/wrong

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5
Q

Adolescent stage

A

Identity vs role confusion

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6
Q

nociceptive pain

A

Nociceptive pain is a type of pain caused by damage to body tissue. Nociceptive pain feels sharp, aching, or throbbing. It’s often caused by an external injury, like stubbing your toe, having a sports injury, or a dental procedure.

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7
Q

Neuropathic

A

Neuropathic pain can happen if your nervous system is damaged or not working correctly. You can feel pain from any of the various levels of the nervous system—the peripheral nerves, the spinal cord and the brain

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8
Q

Somatic vs visceral

A

tissues vs organs

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9
Q

What to remember about infants and pain?

A

They may feel more pain because of immature CNS

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10
Q

Physiological changes with pain in kids

A

Change in vitals or ICP

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11
Q

Toddlers and pain 3

A

can react to painless, point to where it hurts, regressive behaviors
FLACC

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12
Q

Preschool and pain

A

Magical thinker, may not say it because mom must know, more vocab to describe pain and location.

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13
Q

School age range

A

5-12

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14
Q

School age pain 3

A

Tell all about it, may hide it because embarrassed, body reaction.

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15
Q

QUESTT

A 
Pain assessment 
Question the child
Use s reliable and valid scale 
Evaluate child trends
Secure parent's involvement
Take the cause of pain into account when interventing
Take action
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16
Q

FLACC scale and what age groups

A

Non verbal, preschool, preschool Behavioral scale including face, legs, Activity, Cry, consolability. Ranked 0-2 adding up to ten

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17
Q

Oucher pain scale and who used for

A

Have pictures of real kids for school age

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18
Q

What are sweeties?

A

Satisfaction and soothing from sucking on sucrose pacifier

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19
Q

Ibuprofen dosage for peds

A

5-10mg/kg every 6 hours not given to kids under 6

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20
Q

What not to give kids? Meds

A

Asprin

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21
Q

Acetaminophen peds dose

A

10-15mg/kg q 4-6hrs no more than 5 doses in 24 hours

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22
Q 
Cream to give kids for pain 
Name
Function
depth
for?
How to apply and time
age
A

EMLA cream Eutectic mix of local anesthetics, lidocaine and prilocainel.
3-4mm
blood draws, IV, IM
Glob with occlusive dressing on top to keep in place 30-90mins or longer if tissue for deeper procedures
37 weeks gestation and older

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23
Q

Synera and age

A

EMLA patch and 3yr

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24
Q

What is Vulnerable child Syndrome?

A

Because of a serious illness parents have a hard time separating from a child and have significant anxiety which the child feels and develops symptoms that reinforce parents fears. Parents may try to regain control and don’t foster independence and don’t discipline kid which affects development

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25
Q

Simple What is failure to thrive?

A

Inadequate nutrition

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26
Q

Organic Failure to thrive nonorganic?

A

Inability to consume adequate calories within the body

Psychosocial

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27
Q

FTT discharge rule for babes

A

gain an oz a day for a few days before discharge

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28
Q

PKU
What is it
what can/ can’t have
What can it cause

A

An inborn error of metabolism that interferes with a liver enzyme that processes amino acid phenylalanine.
sugar/fruit /veggies/ special stuff
protein aspartame
Brain damage

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29
Q

Galactosemia
what can it cause? 5
One thing long term

A

Inborn error of metabolism liver, galactose can cause organ damage jaundice cataracts, feeding intolerance, N/V, sepsis.
No dairy for life

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30
Q

Maintenance fluids for peds rule

A

First 10kg x100ml
Second 10kg X 50ml
Everything past X20ml

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30
Q

Maintenance fluids for peds rule

A

First 10kg x100ml
Second 10kg X 50ml
Everything past X20ml

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31
Q

How much IM/Subcut given to kids

A

no more than 2mL

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32
Q

Weight of kids 5 things

A 
Birth-7.5lbs
Lose about 10% in in first week of life
regain in 2 weeks
double by 4-5 months
triple by one year
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33
Q

Height and new borns
average at birth
What is it after birth

A

Average is 50cm or 20 in

1 in per month for first 6 months and then 1/2 in/month next 6 months

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34
Q

Head circumference normal birth
in a year how does it change?
What does it show?

A

13.5 About four in in first year

indicative of brain growth

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35
Q

when do the fontanels close?

A

Posterior around 2 months

anterior- 12-18months

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36
Q

Respiratory rate
newborns
1-12months
type?

A

30-60
25-55
irregular with pause

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37
Q

6 things to know about infants respiratory system

A 
Nasal passageway is narrower
trachea and chest wall more compliant
Larynx more funnel shaped
tongue is longer
Fewer alveoli 
bronchioles are shorter narrower
38
Q

Normal HR for newborns
for babes?
and what happens

A

up to 180
120-140
slows to 100 by 12 months

39
Q

how much can a newborn stomach hold?

A

about 0.5-1 oz

40
Q

up to how many stools per day for kids?

A

10

41
Q

first tooth by when

A

6 months

42
Q

Normal urine output for babe

Normal GFR for babe

A

1-3ml/kg/hr

MINIMUM is 1ml/kg/hr

43
Q

when does umbilical cord fall off

A

10-14 days

44
Q

When do kids become iron deficient?

A

Can become iron deficient around 6-9 months

45
Q

When does object permanence begin and solidify

A

4-7 months and 8 months

46
Q

When does babe know they are different from caregiver?

A

12 months

47
Q

cephalocaudal

A

the baby learns to lift the head before learning to roll over and sit gross motor

48
Q

proximodistal

A

Fine motor from the center to the periphery

49
Q

What age should infant lift head and chest and hold position?

A

2 months

50
Q

What age do infants lose the head lag?

A

4 months

51
Q

What age do infants roll 2?

A

4-p-s

5s-p

52
Q

what age do infants sit tripod? and unsupported?

A

6 months

8months

53
Q

what age should kids pull to stand?

A

10 months

54
Q

What age should they grasp a rattle?

A

5 months

55
Q

what age should they transfer objects?

A

7 months

56
Q

what age should they grasp a cheerio?

A

10 months

57
Q

What age should they be able to bang things together?

A

9 months

58
Q

what age should they offer objects are releases

A

11

59
Q

Sounds in a year 4 sections

A

1-3 cooing
4-7 laugh
7-10 babbling
9-10 meaning to words

60
Q

when is stranger danger and separation anxiety

A

8 months

9 months

61
Q

what is the tongue extrusion reflex? and when does it go away?

A

push food out with tongue around 6months

62
Q

S/s of IICP 5

A

Bulging fontenels, cranial suture separation, increase in head circumference, high pitched scream, triad.

63
Q

Lennox- Gastaut what is it one thing

A

multiple different seizures -intellectual disability

64
Q

Anencephaly

encephalocele

A

A-Small or missing brain hemis remaining tissue maybe exposed
E-protrusion of brain and meninges through skull defect

65
Q

What is microcephaly (measure) and disease

A

HC 3 standard deviations below normal. Zika

66
Q

Crinosynostosis

A

Premature closing of sutures

67
Q

Chiari 2 malformation

A

Back of the brain is pulled down out of the skull

68
Q

Myelomenigocele

A

Protruding meninges and spinal cord

69
Q

Shunting hydrocephalus 7

A 
ICP s/s 
Infection s/s
seizures
change in LOC
poor feeding 
N/V
HA doesn't  go away
70
Q

Shunting hydrocephalus 7

A 
ICP s/s 
Infection s/s
seizures
change in LOC
poor feeding 
N/V
HA doesn't  go away
71
Q

What is REYE syndrome

A

Salicylates- asprin brain swells seizures live fail

72
Q

osteomyelitis and 5 causes

A

Staph aureus, group a and b strep, e coli, s. pneumoniae, H influenzae

73
Q

How do you get osteomyelitis

A

bacteria from blood invade rapidly growing bone

74
Q

Osteomyelitis risk factors 5

A

Impetigo-strep, varcella legions, burns, trauma, ortho surg

75
Q

Normal BP for infant

A

60-100/40-55

76
Q

What does the FLACC scale stand for who to use it on?

A

Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability

2month to 7 years

77
Q

Typical absence seizures 5 and type

A

nonmotor, usually happens in kids, daydreaming look. EEG has a unique pattern 3Hz spike usually does not follow into adulthood. Generalized

78
Q

Atypical absent seizures 6 and type

A

Staring spell, lip and eye movement, somewhat responsive, commonly longer than 10 seconds, gradual beginning and end, goes into adulthood. Generalized

79
Q

Atonic seizure and type

A

fall to ground. can resume generalized

80
Q

What is neurofibromatosis

A

Tumors that grow on the nerves

81
Q

How to Rx Neurofibromatosis 8

A

have to have two or more signs of cafe au lait spots (at least 6), 2 or more neurofibromas, or one plexiform, freckling in armpit or groin, optic glioma, lisch nodules, abnormal bones, 1st degree relative that has it

82
Q

Fold of eye flap with downs

A

Epicanthal folds

83
Q

When does walking stepping reflex disappear

A

2 months

84
Q

When does moro go away

A

4 months

85
Q

When does the suck root reflex go away?

A

5 give me a high five if you don’t suck

86
Q

When does the palmer grasp go away?

A

six pay attention to s in grasp

87
Q

8 months 2 things

A

Babble and peak a Boo

Bs and 8

88
Q

what goes away at 12 months

A

Babinski and plantar

89
Q

When does the tonic neck go away

A

5 months

need 5 fingers to drink a gin and tonic

90
Q

How much can a newborn stomach hold? when to burp? why regurg?

A

1-2tsp After every oz or between breasts weak sphincters

91
Q

How often do newborns eat?

A

Every 2-3 hours

92
Q

What to remember about the neonates stomach?

A

It is sterile and does not produce vit k because there is no bacteria.

93
Q

What is meconium and one thing about it

A

Black tar stool from amniotic fluid and they may poop in the womb if they are stressed.

OB (13 decks)

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