PEDS

Question 1

Pharyngeal swallowing seen

Answer 1

10-12.5 weeks

Question 2

True suckling seen

Answer 2

18-24 weeks

Question 3

Efficient swallow seen

Answer 3

36+ weeks

Question 4

Most often diagnosis that leads to a swallowing problem

Answer 4

Prematurity

Question 5

Baby is considered premature when born before

Answer 5

37 weeks

Question 6

Premature babies oral/pharyngeal characteristics

Answer 6

smaller, less stable structures

Question 7

T/f: premature babies have low muscle tone, flaccid or floppy

Answer 7

True

Question 8

T/f: sucking pads are not present or fully developed in very premature or very low birth weight babies

Answer 8

True

Question 9

Premature babies/Very Low Birth Weight babies and respiration:

Answer 9

difficulty coordinating the “suck-swallow-breathe” pattern

Question 10

T/f: premature babies have overall physiological instability and co-morbid diagnoses

Answer 10

True

Question 11

3 differences btw infants and adult anatomy

Answer 11

in infants: the tongue sits forward and fills the oral cavity, mandible is small and slightly retracted, epiglottis is higher in the neck, soft palate touched top of epiglottis at rest, Larynx is “funnel shaped”, trachea is shorter and more narrow. In adults: tongue begins to drop + move posteriorly, mandible grows allowing for the tongue to sit, epiglottis flattens and lowers in the neck, soft palate does not touch epiglottis while at rest, larynx straightens and becomes “column shaped”, trachea is wider and longer

Question 12

Two types of sucking patterns in babies

Answer 12

non-nutritive (faster/rapid); nutritive (slower)

Question 13

4 newborn reflexes

Answer 13

rooting reflex, suckling reflex, tongue protrusion reflex, grasping reflex

Question 14

By 4-6 months this newborn reflex will disappear, allowing for spoon feeding:

Answer 14

tongue protrusion

Question 15

What newborn reflex allows for liquid intake

Answer 15

Suckling reflex

Question 16

What newborn reflex prepares the baby for self-feeding, holding bottles, and picking up food

Answer 16

Grasping reflex

Question 17

T/f: feeding and swallowing development changes rapidly from birth to approximately 5-6 years old

Answer 17

True

Question 18

t/f: there is a difference between a feeding disorder and a swallowing disorder when discussing peds

Answer 18

True

Question 19

examples of a feeding disorder in babies:

Answer 19

oral aversion, restricted diet “picky eater”, texture preferences, food preferences, behavioral component

Question 20

examples of a swallowing disorder in babies:

Answer 20

anatomical or physiological component (cleft palate, esophageal atresia), neurological component (VF paralysis, cerebral palsy, hypo/hypertonia), difficulty coordinating suck/sip-swallow-breathe

Question 21

difficulty coordinating suck/sip-swallow-breathe is a problem with feeding or swallowing?

Answer 21

Swallowing

Question 22

Name distress cues in infants

Answer 22

crying, coughing, gagging, back arching, turning head away from food presentation, push bottle away, prolonged feeding, falling asleep during feeding

Question 23

Name distress cues in older children

Answer 23

crying, coughing/gagging, turning head away from food presentation, pushing food away, prolonged feeding, food pocketing, falling asleep during feeding, difficulty chewing or maintaining food in mouth while eating, refusing certain textures or types of food, verbally saying “No, I don’t’ want that, yuck”

Question 24

Possible medically critical concerns distress cues

Answer 24

coughing/choking during mealtime, frequent congestion - particularly after mealtime, respiratory illness (frequency), fever post-feeding, wet or noisy vocal quality during or after feeding, vomiting or reflux that is recurrent

Question 25

Assessments for PEDS

Answer 25

MBS, chest x-ray