pedodontics

Question 1

pediactric dentistry

Answer 1

specialized area of dentistry which focuses on providing oral healthcare according to the needs of infants, children, adolescents and individuals with special needs

Question 2

emphasis of pediactric dentistry

Answer 2

prevention, early detection, diagnosis and treatment

Question 3

oldest age a peds office will take

Answer 3

up to 19-20

Question 4

how many extra years of schooling does a pediactric dentist need

Answer 4

2-3 years

Question 5

3 types of ages

Answer 5

chronologic age
mental age
emotional age

Question 6

chronologic age

Answer 6

child’s actual age

Question 7

mental age

Answer 7

child level of intellectual capacity and development

Question 8

emotional age

Answer 8

describes level of emotional maturity

Question 9

eriksons stages of development

Answer 9

1) learning basic trust
2) learning autonomy
3) play age
4) school age
5) adolescence

Question 10

Frankl scale, what the dental team must do

Answer 10

1) def neg: no treatment
2) neg: office will refuse treatment
3) pos: treatment will occur cautiously
4) def pos: enjoyment of treatment

Question 11

what is the basis for peds dental healthcare

Answer 11

development of trust between parent/child and dentist

Question 12

what procedural guidelines should be followed for peds procedures

Answer 12

• be honest with the child
• consider the child’s point of view
• tell, show, do
• give positive reinforcement

Question 13

3 types of restraint used for a challenging peds patient

Answer 13

-mild or intravenous sedation
- physical restraint
- papoose board

parents MUST consent

Question 14

papoose board

Answer 14

device that wraps around child’s arm legs and middle section during a procedure to restrain movement

Question 15

intellectual disability

Answer 15

particular state of functioning begins in childhood, characterized by limitations in intelligence and in adaptive skills

Question 16

4 degrees of impairment

Answer 16

mild (IQ 50-70)
moderate (IQ 35-55)
severe (IQ of 20-40)
profound (IQ below 20-25)

Question 17

what is a secondary name for down syndrome

Answer 17

trisomy 21

Question 18

dental implications of down syndrome

Answer 18

• eruption may be delayed
• teeth may be small and peg shaped
• perio problems
• malocclusion
• not enough space for tongue

Question 19

what “age” should address a patient with down syndrome

Answer 19

mental age

Question 20

dental implications for an autistic patient

Answer 20

• poor oral hygiene
• risk for caries
• risk for periodontal disease
• may have xerostomia due to medications they take

Question 21

two types of cerebral palsy

Answer 21

• spasticity
• athetosis

Question 22

cerebral palsy

Answer 22

describes neural disorders cause by prenatal or postnatal brain damage before the nervous system has reached maturity

Question 23

when should a child first go to the dentist

Answer 23

at the eruption of their first tooth or first birthday

Question 24

what occurs in a child first dentist appointment

Answer 24

you collect info (med + dental history)
and allow child to feel comfortable in the chair

Question 25

a pediactric clinical exam includes what 4 things

Answer 25

- radiographs - extraoral exam - intraoral and soft tissue exam - exam and charting of teeth

Question 26

extraoral examination

Answer 26

evaluates patients profile to determine skeletal characteristics

Question 27

intraoral soft tissue examination

Answer 27

evaluates the gingiva and periodontitis through gingival score and periodontal plaque score

Question 28

exam and charting of teeth

Answer 28

primary or mixed dentition examined with occlusion fir determining spacing and crowding of teeth

Question 29

preventive dentistry goal for children

Answer 29

to communicate the importance of oral hygiene, fluoride use, diet, and preventative procedures

Question 30

oral hygiene for children

Answer 30

maintenance includes teaching and showing child how to brush and floss teeth and seeing the dentist at least 2 times a year

Question 31

what ages of child should have a daily fluoride intake

Answer 31

6 months to 16 years

Question 32

fluoride varnish

Answer 32

gel like substance dispensed at a dental office that is used to release fluoride on enamel and root structure

Question 33

sealants

Answer 33

placed over pits and fissures of teeth to prevent cavities in deep grooves if teeth

Question 34

orofacial development

Answer 34

looking into the the child bone structure to check for malocclusion or crowded or crooked teeth

Question 35

preventive orthodontics

Answer 35

prevent or eliminate irregularities and malpostions in developing dentofacial region

Question 36

interceptive orthodontics

Answer 36

intercede or correct problems as they develop

Question 37

what can you do to prevent dental sports injuries

Answer 37

wear helmet or mouth guard

Question 38

3 types of mouth guards used

Answer 38

- commercial - mouth- formed protectors - custom- fitted vacuum formed guards

Question 39

what could you call a dental dam to sound better to a child

Answer 39

raincoat

Question 40

use of dental dam

Answer 40

isolation, moisture control and protects patient from dental material used in procedures

Question 41

why would pediactric patient tools be smaller

Answer 41

children have smaller mouths and so the child does not have to open as wide

Question 42

two types of matrix systems

Answer 42

T-band Spot welder bands

Question 43

what matrix system is most commonly used on primary teeth

Answer 43

T-band

Question 44

pulp therapy

Answer 44

attempts to stimulate and preserve pulp al regeneration in primary teeth

Question 45

two factors that affect pulp health (negative way)

Answer 45

deep caries traumatic injury

Question 46

pulp capping

Answer 46

use of a liner to promote pulpal health

Question 47

pulpotomy

Answer 47

complete removal of the coronal portion of dental pulp

Question 48

two types of medicaments for pulpotomy’s

Answer 48

Mineral trioxide aggregate calcium hydroxide

Question 49

most common crown used in peds dentistry

Answer 49

stainless steel crowns

Question 50

stainless steel crown

Answer 50

used to cover decayed and endodontically treated teeth for a lower price

Question 51

4 reasons stainless steel is a good option

Answer 51

- prepared and placed in one appt - durable and will last until perm dentition is erupting - usually tolerated by child’s gingiva - less expensive

Question 52

two types of crowns used in primary

Answer 52

pre trimmed pre contoured

Question 53

pre trimmed crowns

Answer 53

straight sides but undergo festooning to follow a line parallel to gingival crest

Question 54

pre contoured crown

Answer 54

already festooned and contoured. though may require additional trimming

Question 55

long term consequences of dental trauma

Answer 55

tooth loss discolouration

Question 56

most frequently injured teeth

Answer 56

maxillary central incisors

Question 57

how long might a dentist delay an anterior fracture restoration, why might they do this?

Answer 57

3-6 weeks to avoid further trauma and give pulp time to recover

Question 58

class one of fractures

Answer 58

simple fracture of the enamel and crown

Question 59

class two of fractures

Answer 59

extensive fracture of the enamel and dentin, including injury of the pulp

Question 60

class three of fractures

Answer 60

extensive fracture of the crown, exposing the pulp of the tooth

Question 61

class four of fractures

Answer 61

traumatized tooth, becomes non vital

Question 62

class 5 of fractures

Answer 62

tooth lost owing to trauma (avulsed)

Question 63

during recovery of a restoration a dentist would do the following

Answer 63

pulp capping place an interim covering of resin material

Question 64

how long until an avulsed tooth be outside the mouth before it is non vital

Answer 64

30 mins - 1 hour

Question 65

how should you bring the avulsed tooth to the office

Answer 65

wrapped in a damp cloth and in either milk or patient saliva

Question 66

signs of child abuse or neglect

Answer 66

- injuries at various stages of healing - repeated injuries - chipped tooth - scars on body or intraorally - bite marks - injuries are inconsistent with parents explanation

Question 67

fetal moulding

Answer 67

pressure applied to the jaw, causing distortion in the development

Question 68

avulsion

Answer 68

torn away or dislodged by force

Question 69

extrusion

Answer 69

displacement of a tooth FROM its socket usually by injury

Question 70

lateral luxation

Answer 70

dislocation laterally

Question 71

intrusion

Answer 71

displacement of a tooth INTO its socket usually by injury

Question 72

what two instruments are used to help seating the molar band

Answer 72

band plugger bite stick