Pediatrics Part 2 Flashcards
What type of infection are Down Sydrome children prone to developing? and why?
Respiratory. B/c they have a poor immune system.
The mos common type of defect associtaed with Down Sydrome is
heart defects
What kind of traight causes cystic fibrosis?
Inherited
To have CF, one must recieve the trait from one parent or both?
Both
Hallmark s/s
Thick, sticky secretions found in lungs and GI tract
CF babies lose a lot of ____ through skin and is at risk for____.
Sodium, hyponatremia
Dx test for CF:
Positive sweat chloride test
CF babies will not have meconium, but will instead have ____ and ____stools.
fatty and frothy
Which enzymes help improve digestion for CF patients?
Pancreatic
When and how should pancreatic enzymes be given?
30 mins prior to eating; do not crush or chew
What kind of diet will a CF patient need?
Low fat, high calorie, high protein
CF patients require what percentage of the reccommended daily allowance?
150
What kind of vitamins do CF patients need?
water-soluable (A, D, E, K)
Lips turning blue when taking a bottle indicates:
Heart Failure
What else could indicate HF in peds? (5)
increased pulse at rest increased RR scalp sweating fatigue sudden weight gain
Treatment for HF in peds (7)
Ongoing lung sound assessment!!! control room temp sit them up rest decrease stimuli cool, humidified 02 uninterrrupted sleep
Infants rarely get more than ____ cc of Digoxin.
1
When sould Digoxin be given in peds?
1 hour before meals and 2 hours after
How should it be given?
DO NOT mix with meds, food, or fluid
Always do what before gving Digoxin to pediatric client? (2)
Check the dose with another nurse
Check apical pulse for 1 full minute
Pediatric clients with HF should be _____ _____ prior to eating
well rested
Feeding schedule with HF child:
small, frequent feedings every 3 hours, no linger than 30 mins
What kind of nipple should be used with HF babies?
soft with large opening
HF pediatric patient do or do not require sodium and water restrictions?
do not due to decreased intake
Rheumatic fever is caused by
Group A Beta Hemolytic strep
Major clinical manifestation of rhematic fever
Carditis
Therapeutic management of rhuematic fever
Penecillin G, or erythromycin if allergic to Pen G
What arteries are most susceptible to inflammation due to Kawasaki disease?
Coronary
Treatment for Kawasaki’s (3)
High dise IV immune-globulin
aspirin therapy
quiet environment
Top Nursing Diagnosis for Cleft LIP/Cleft Palate?
Alteration in Nutrition
How do you feed a cleft lip/palate baby?
with an elongated nipple or medicine dropper downt the side of the mouth
What is important to do with these babies considering the way the are fed?
burp frequently so that they will not swallow a lot of air
Positioning after a cleft lip repair:
on back or side lying to protect the suture line (DO NOT place them prone)
What do you clean the suture line with post-op?
Saline
Positioning after cleft palate repair:
prone to promote drainage
Avoid doing what after this surgery?
putting objects in their mouth (thermometers, etc)
Diet post-op cleft palate repair?
soft until well healed
What is common side effect of this surgery and when is the best time to do the surgery?
speech defects; before speech development
What kind of restraints are used post op cleft palate repair?
elbow
Positing of peds patients with GER, GERD? (2)
upright position with feedings and at night
30 degree elevated prone postion to decrease reflux and increase stomach emptying
What kind of feedings with GER, GERD?
small frequent feedings fo thickened formula
Breast-feeding moms should pair their milk with ____ for thickening or provide more frequent feedings.
rice cereal
Why do babies with esophageal atresia not have meconium?
They never swallowed amniotic fluid
How are babies with esophageal atresia/ T-E fistula fed?
gastrostomy tubes
T-E fistula: watch for..? (3 C’S)
coughing
choking
cyanosis
(all especially while drinking)
The first feeding with EA/T-E Fistula needs to be _____. (Which consists of two things)
sterile
water or breastmilk
Top nursing dagnosis for EA/T-E fistula is:
Potential for aspiration
What is a clue that a fetus has EA/T-E fistula or any GI problem before delivery?
Maternal polyhydramnios (excessive amniotic fluid-due to infant not swallowing any)
