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NCLEX > Pediatrics Part 2 > Flashcards

Pediatrics Part 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What type of infection are Down Sydrome children prone to developing? and why?

A

Respiratory. B/c they have a poor immune system.

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2
Q

The mos common type of defect associtaed with Down Sydrome is

A

heart defects

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3
Q

What kind of traight causes cystic fibrosis?

A

Inherited

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4
Q

To have CF, one must recieve the trait from one parent or both?

A

Both

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5
Q

Hallmark s/s

A

Thick, sticky secretions found in lungs and GI tract

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6
Q

CF babies lose a lot of ____ through skin and is at risk for____.

A

Sodium, hyponatremia

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7
Q

Dx test for CF:

A

Positive sweat chloride test

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8
Q

CF babies will not have meconium, but will instead have ____ and ____stools.

A

fatty and frothy

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9
Q

Which enzymes help improve digestion for CF patients?

A

Pancreatic

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10
Q

When and how should pancreatic enzymes be given?

A

30 mins prior to eating; do not crush or chew

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11
Q

What kind of diet will a CF patient need?

A

Low fat, high calorie, high protein

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12
Q

CF patients require what percentage of the reccommended daily allowance?

A

150

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13
Q

What kind of vitamins do CF patients need?

A

water-soluable (A, D, E, K)

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14
Q

Lips turning blue when taking a bottle indicates:

A

Heart Failure

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15
Q

What else could indicate HF in peds? (5)

A 
increased pulse at rest
increased RR
scalp sweating
fatigue
sudden weight gain
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16
Q

Treatment for HF in peds (7)

A 
Ongoing lung sound assessment!!!
control room temp
sit them up
rest
decrease stimuli
cool, humidified 02
uninterrrupted sleep
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17
Q

Infants rarely get more than ____ cc of Digoxin.

A

1

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18
Q

When sould Digoxin be given in peds?

A

1 hour before meals and 2 hours after

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19
Q

How should it be given?

A

DO NOT mix with meds, food, or fluid

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20
Q

Always do what before gving Digoxin to pediatric client? (2)

A

Check the dose with another nurse

Check apical pulse for 1 full minute

21
Q

Pediatric clients with HF should be _____ _____ prior to eating

A

well rested

22
Q

Feeding schedule with HF child:

A

small, frequent feedings every 3 hours, no linger than 30 mins

23
Q

What kind of nipple should be used with HF babies?

A

soft with large opening

24
Q

HF pediatric patient do or do not require sodium and water restrictions?

A

do not due to decreased intake

25
Q

Rheumatic fever is caused by

A

Group A Beta Hemolytic strep

26
Q

Major clinical manifestation of rhematic fever

A

Carditis

27
Q

Therapeutic management of rhuematic fever

A

Penecillin G, or erythromycin if allergic to Pen G

28
Q

What arteries are most susceptible to inflammation due to Kawasaki disease?

A

Coronary

29
Q

Treatment for Kawasaki’s (3)

A

High dise IV immune-globulin
aspirin therapy
quiet environment

30
Q

Top Nursing Diagnosis for Cleft LIP/Cleft Palate?

A

Alteration in Nutrition

31
Q

How do you feed a cleft lip/palate baby?

A

with an elongated nipple or medicine dropper downt the side of the mouth

32
Q

What is important to do with these babies considering the way the are fed?

A

burp frequently so that they will not swallow a lot of air

33
Q

Positioning after a cleft lip repair:

A

on back or side lying to protect the suture line (DO NOT place them prone)

34
Q

What do you clean the suture line with post-op?

A

Saline

35
Q

Positioning after cleft palate repair:

A

prone to promote drainage

36
Q

Avoid doing what after this surgery?

A

putting objects in their mouth (thermometers, etc)

37
Q

Diet post-op cleft palate repair?

A

soft until well healed

38
Q

What is common side effect of this surgery and when is the best time to do the surgery?

A

speech defects; before speech development

39
Q

What kind of restraints are used post op cleft palate repair?

A

elbow

40
Q

Positing of peds patients with GER, GERD? (2)

A

upright position with feedings and at night

30 degree elevated prone postion to decrease reflux and increase stomach emptying

41
Q

What kind of feedings with GER, GERD?

A

small frequent feedings fo thickened formula

42
Q

Breast-feeding moms should pair their milk with ____ for thickening or provide more frequent feedings.

A

rice cereal

43
Q

Why do babies with esophageal atresia not have meconium?

A

They never swallowed amniotic fluid

44
Q

How are babies with esophageal atresia/ T-E fistula fed?

A

gastrostomy tubes

45
Q

T-E fistula: watch for..? (3 C’S)

A

coughing
choking
cyanosis
(all especially while drinking)

46
Q

The first feeding with EA/T-E Fistula needs to be _____. (Which consists of two things)

A

sterile

water or breastmilk

47
Q

Top nursing dagnosis for EA/T-E fistula is:

A

Potential for aspiration

48
Q

What is a clue that a fetus has EA/T-E fistula or any GI problem before delivery?

A

Maternal polyhydramnios (excessive amniotic fluid-due to infant not swallowing any)

NCLEX (6 decks)

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