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NCLEX > Pediatrics Part 1 > Flashcards

Pediatrics Part 1 Flashcards

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0
Q

Perform which vital signs first?

A

Least invasive

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1
Q

Don’t forget to talk to ____ even before you talk to the child.

A

Parents

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2
Q

Order of obtaining vital signs:

A

Respirations (1 full minute)
Heart rate (Apical-1 full minute)
Blood pressure
Temp

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3
Q

Do not use a rectal thermometer in children over ____.

A

Three months

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4
Q

Most reliable measurement of core temperature

A

Rectal

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5
Q

Axillary temperature can be used when?

A

All ages when oral route is not available.

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6
Q

Oral temps can be taken beginning at age:

A

5-6

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7
Q

Tympanic temps can be used at what age?

A

All ages

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8
Q

Never use a rectal temp in the _____client.

A

Immunosupressed

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9
Q

Will activity level affect the oxygen level?

A

Yes..always record what is going on at the time pulse ox is measured

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10
Q

The _____percentile is the median growth rate.

A

15th

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11
Q

Growth rate between ages 6 and 12 generally increases or decreases?

A

Decreases

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12
Q

Dry and course hair could

Be a sign of poor ________.

A

Nourishment

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13
Q

FLACC stands for?

A

Face, legs, activity, crying, consolability

Each worth 2 points

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14
Q

Wong-Baker (faces) pain scale is usually used in children at what age?

A

3 and older

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15
Q

Numerical pain scale is used with what age?

A

5 and older

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16
Q

Most common type of Croup experienced by children admitted to hospital and primarily affects children under five…

A

Laryngotracheobrochitis

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17
Q

Nature of causes of LTB?

A

Viral

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18
Q

S/S of LTB?

A

Diarrhea
Barking or brassy cough
Increased temperature

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19
Q

Common sites for pulse ox in peds?

A

Fingers and Toes

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20
Q

What affects an O2 level, especially in peds?

A

Activity level (record activity along with vitals)

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21
Q

What percentile is the median growth for children?

A

15th

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22
Q

What within __ to __ percent for height, weight, and head circumfrence is desired.

A

5-95

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23
Q

Growth rate increases or decreases between 6 to 12 years of age?

A

decreases

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24
Q

Dry and course hair in pediatric patients could indicate..?

A

Poor nutrition

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25
Q

If eyes are sunken, could be a sign of ..?

A

dehydration

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26
Q

What does CRIES stand for? (pain scale)

A 
Crying (0-2)
Requires increased O2 (0-2)
Increased vital signs (0-2)
Expression (0-2)
Sleepless (0-2)
27
Q

What does FLACC stand for? (pain scale)

A

Face, Legs, Activity, Crying, Consolability

28
Q

Wong-Baker (faces) pain scale is used on children of what age?
What is the range of this scale?

A

any age but usually 3 years and older

0-5

29
Q

At waht age is the numerical scale used?

A

5 and older

30
Q

Grunting and head bobbing may indicate….?

A

Hypoxia

31
Q

Most common type of Croup experienced by children admitted to the hospita.

A

LGTB

32
Q

LGTB primarily affects children under ___ (age)

A

5

33
Q

Source of causes of LGTB

A

Viral

34
Q

Classic s/s of LGTB (3)

A

Slight to severe diarrhea, barking or brassy cough, increased temperature

35
Q

Treatment of LGTB

A

steam (hot showers), cool mist humidifiers, car rides with windows down, hospitilization with corticosteroid therapy.

36
Q

Cause of epiglottitis:

A

H. influenza

37
Q

Classic s/s of epiglottitis: (3)

A

Drooling, absence of cough, agitation with rapid progression to severe respiratory distress.

38
Q

Treatment for epiglottitis:

A

May require intubation or trach, IV antibx and corticosteroids

39
Q

s/s of tonsillitis: (6)

A

mouth breather, bad breath, impaired taste and smell, muffled/nasal quality to voice, persistent cough, swollen tonsils, which can lead to otitis media.

40
Q

Tx for tonsillitis:

A

Tonsillectomy

41
Q

Positioning after tonsillectomy: (2)

A

On side with elevated HOB or prone

42
Q

What kind of fluids cannot be given post-op tonsillectomy?

A

red or brown

43
Q

What would indicate that hemorrhaging is occuring post-op tonsillectomy?

A

Frequent swallowing

44
Q

How many days post-op tonsillectomy is the client at risk for hemorrhaging?

A

10 days

45
Q

What is a common findings post-op tonsillectomy?

A

C/O Sore throat and ear pain, low grade temp, bad breath (old blood in throat)

46
Q

Otitis Media usually follows a _____

A

URI

47
Q

Otitis Media usually affects what part of the ear?

What are blocked?

A

Middle

Eustachian Tubes

48
Q

What does the tempanic membrane look like in otitis media?

A

buldging and bright red

49
Q

What helps with pain with Otitis Media?

A

heating pad

50
Q

Otitis Media patient should avoid_____. _____ should be provided.

A

Chewing, soft foods

51
Q

Which side should this patient lie on to promote drainage?

A

affected side

52
Q

This patient may need _____ ____ to keep the middle ear drained.

A

PE Tubes (grommet)

53
Q

How long does a grommet saty in .

A

6 months then falls out

54
Q

While PE (GROMMET) tubes are in, where _____ _____ when bathing or swimming to keep moisture out.

A

Ear plugs

55
Q

Leading cause of Lower Respiratory Tract Illness in chilren less than 2.

A

RSV

56
Q

Risk factors for RSV: (3)

A

Prematurity, congenital disorders, smoke

57
Q

High risk for RSV children need..?

A

an RSV vaccine

58
Q

Why is important to know onset of symptoms with RSV?

A

Disease will become worse on days 2-3

59
Q

RSV DX:

A

Nasalpharyngeal swab

60
Q

Treatment for RSV: (severe)–5

A

Oxygen (may need mechanical ventilation), IV Fluids, Suction, Antipyretics, Antiviral (Ribavirin)

61
Q

Causes of pneumonia: (4)

A

Viral, bacterial (strep), mycotic (walking pneumonia), aspiration.

62
Q

Who mostly gets mycotic pneumonia?

A

Adolescents

63
Q

s/s of pneumonia: (5)

A

Fine crackles, abdominal distention, back pain, high fever, chest pain from coughing

64
Q

Tx of pneumonia: (6)

A 
O2
Fluids
Antibx
Antipyretics
Nebulizer
Cough suppresant (only at night)

NCLEX (6 decks)

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