Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MCN 2 Lec (Finals) > Pediatrics: GI > Flashcards

Pediatrics: GI Flashcards

1
Q

Regurgitation of stomach secretions into the esophagus through the lower esophageal (cardiac) sphincter

A

Gastroesophageal reflux

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

A normal physiologic process that occurs throughout the day in infants, children, and adults

A

Gastrointestinal reflux

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

In patients with GERD, diagnostic workups include

A
  1. Upper GI series to look for anatomic abnormalities such as intestinal malrotation
  2. pH probe
  3. Esophageal manometry
  4. Endoscopy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Therapeutic Management for GERD

A
  1. Feed infants small frequent feedings of formula thickened with rice cereal

2.The infant should be held upright for 30 minutes after feeding if possible

  1. The infant should not be placed in a car seat at home
  2. Tight clothing and diapers should be avoided
  3. Avoid to any exposure of cigarette smoke
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

PPI are best taken

A

30 minutes before breakfast (generally prescribed 8-12 week)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Therapeutic Management for GERD

Infants experiencing irritability and poor feeding due to esophagitis

A

Administration of H2-receptor antagonist
1. Famotidine
2. Ranitidine

Administration of proton pump inhibitor (PPI)
1. Omeprazole
2. Rabeprazole

To reduce the possibility of the stomach acid contents irritating the esophagus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Timeframe of GERD to disappear in infants

A

6 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

If medical therapy is not effective, what would be the next course of management?

A

Laparoscopic or surgical fundoplication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Symptoms of the infant that requires surgical interventions

A
  1. Poor weight gain
  2. Esophageal irritation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

A procedure where it involves the wrapping the upper portion of the stomach (fundus) around the lower esophagus to prevent regurgitation of stomach contents

A

Fundoplication procedure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

After the fundoplication procedure, the child will receive

A

A temporary nasogastric tube attached to provide intermittent low suction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

After the first 24hrs post-operation, what should be monitored?

A
  1. Nasogastric tube drainage
  2. Coffee-colored vomitus

this would indicate bleeding from the surgical site

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

When the infant receives first feeding after surgery, they may display the signs of:

A
  1. Abdominal discomfort - gagging and abdominal distention because food can no longer reflux into the esophagus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

If the abdominal distention worsens, what condition this could bring to the infant?

A

Bradycardia and Dyspnea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Opening between the lower portion of the stomach and the beginning portion of the intestine

A

Pyloric sphincter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Hypertrophy or hyperplasia of the muscle surrounding the sphincter occurs, it is difficult for the stomach to empty

A

Pyloric stenosis

17
Q

It tends to occur most frequently in first born white male infants

A

Pyloric stenosis

18
Q

What would be the presumed etiology for pyloric stenosis?

A

Multifactorial inheritance

19
Q

Assessment

Infants around 4-6 weeks, typically begins to

A

Vomit almost immediately after each feeding

20
Q

Assessment

The vomiting grows increasingly forceful until it is

A

Projectile

21
Q

Assessment

Pyloric stenosis occurs less frequently what type of feeding

A

Breast or chest feed

22
Q

Assessment

Breast of chest fed infants shows symptoms

A

6 weeks

23
Q

Assessment

Formula fed infants shows symptoms

A

4 weeks

24
Q

Assessment

Vomitus has what kind of smell

A

Sour smell

25
Q

Assessment

After the infant vomits, what would happen

A

Usually is hungry immediately after vomiting

26
Q

Assessment

Since it is difficult to assess whether the infant is nauseous, these are the signs that should be monitored

A
  1. Disinterest in eating
  2. Excessive drooling
  3. Chewing on the tongue
27
Q

Assessment

Infants has signs of dehydration

A

Dry mucous membranes of the mouth, sunken fontanelles, fever, decreased urine output, poor skin turgor, weight loss

28
Q

Assessment

Excessive loss of chloride from the loss of stomach fluid

A

Alkalosis along with accompanying hypochloremia, hypokalemia, starvation

29
Q

Assessment

A presumptive diagnosis can be made by watching the infant do what

A

Drink

30
Q

Assessment

If the infant has pyloric stenosis, the sphincter should

A

The sphincter should feel round and firm, approximately the size of an olive

31
Q

Assessment

What would confirm the diagnosis

A

ultrasound or endoscopy

32
Q

Treatment for pyloric stenosis

A

Surgery or laparoscopic correction (pyloromyotomy)

MCN 2 Lec (Finals) (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions