Pediatrics: Atraumatic Care/Growth & Development

Question 1

At what age should the posterior fontanel close?

Answer 1

2-3 months

Question 2

At what age should the anterior fontanels close?

Answer 2

18 months

Question 3

At what age will an infant begin turning their head?

Answer 3

1 month

Question 4

At what age will an infant begin rolling?

Answer 4

4/5 months

Question 5

At what age will an infant begin sitting unsupported?

Answer 5

6/7 months

Question 6

At what age will an infant begin walking on their own?

Answer 6

12 months

Question 7

At what age will a child begin speaking?

Answer 7

18 months

Question 8

At what age will a child begin speaking in sentences?

Answer 8

3 years

Question 9

What vaccines will a toddler receive?

Answer 9

1 Very Mad Hip:
Varicella, MMR, Hep A, DTap, Hib, IPV (Inactivated polio), PCV13 (Pneumococcal)

Question 10

What vaccines will a preschooler receive?

Answer 10

Very DIIM:
Varicella, DTap, IPV (polio), Influenza, MMR (yr) [4-6 years]

Question 11

What vaccines will a school age child receive?

Answer 11

MITH:
Meningococcal, Influenza, Tdap, HPV [11-12 years old]

Question 12

What is the average urine output for children?

Answer 12

1-2mL/kg/hr (check every hour)

Question 13

What is the formula for IV fluid admin in children?

Answer 13

100mL/kg for 1st 10kg
50mL/kg for 2nd 10kg
20mL/kg for remainder of weight in kg

Question 14

When should a toddler vs a preschooler be prepared for procedures?

Answer 14

Toddler = just before (stories, dolls, books)

Preschooler = 1 hr before (simple/concrete terms, ask specific questions, use play/puppets or storytelling to approach)

Question 15

When should a school-age vs adolescent be prepared for procedures?

Answer 15

School age= A few days in advance [diagrams/illustrations/books/videos, use of 3rd party stories to elicit info]

Adolescent= 1 week before [remain nonjudgemental, respect privacy]

Question 16

Prior to inserting an IV for a toddler, what technique of atraumatic care can be used?

Answer 16

IV numbing cream 30-90 min before

Use of guided imagery, distraction, therapeutic hugging/play, allow child to handle equipment

Question 17

What type of pain management would be used in a child with severe vs mild pain?

Answer 17

Severe = Opioid
Mild = Acetaminophen

Question 18

What vitals can indicate a child is in pain?

Answer 18

Increased RR, BP & HR

Question 19

Provide the vital signs for infants

Answer 19

RR: 25-55
HR: 80-150
BP: 87/53-105/66

Question 20

Provide the vital signs for toddlers

Answer 20

RR: 20-30
HR: 70-120
BP: 95/53- 105/66

Question 21

Provide the vital signs for preschoolers

Answer 21

RR: 20-25
HR: 65-110
BP: 95/56-110/70

Question 22

Provide the vital signs for school-age children

Answer 22

RR: 14-26
HR: 60-100
BP: 97/57-112/71

Question 23

Provide the vital signs for adolescents

Answer 23

RR: 12-20
HR: 55-95
BP: 112/66- 128/80

Question 24

What vaccines will an adolescent receive?

Answer 24

Men Flu:
Meningitis, Influenza