Pediatrics Flashcards
The initial radiography exam of the pelvis and hips is routinely done for children older than ______
1 years old
Where does the CR enter for pediatric (PA & Lateral) chest
MSP & T6-T7
For a peds Abdominal series how many projection are taken
2 images
- Supine image
- 1 to show air fluid levels
Where is the CR for pediatric abdomen exams
MSP & L2
In girls, use gonad protection on all images except?
-The first EVER AP projection of the of the Hips & Pelvis
— (Check records to clarify if it is the first exam)
The superior boarder of the pubic symphysis is always at the level of the _____.
Greater trochanters
___ & ___ may be the only radiographic signs of injury of a pediatric child
Fat pad displacement
&
Tissue swelling
Fractures that occur through the epiphysis are called?
Growth plate fractures ( Salter-Harris)
When performing a Soft tissue neck on a pediatric patient, why is it important to have the child in an upright position if examining the epiglottis?
Because a swollen epiglottis can block the air way in a supine ( laying flat) position
Term for involvement of physical injury, sexual abuse or deprivation of nutrition, care or affection circumstances in which indicate that the injury or deprivation may not be incidental
Child abuse
Which exams require that a diaper be removed?
- Abdomen
- Pelvis
- Femur
According to the ARRT, what ped exam is
-the only mandatory
What is elective?
Mandatory: routine chest x-ray
Elective:
UE, LE, Abdomen & mobile
Pediatric are defined as a child ____ yrs. or younger
6 years
What is the number 1 reason for repeat peds exams
Motion
What tissue is more vulnerable in peds x-ray exams
- Thyroid
- Gonads
- Breast tissue
are phototimers & grids used in pediatric patients
no
list possible roles for a parent during peds exam
- Assist to immobilize
- Caregiver
- Observe / help
A common reason for a hip exam is due to what condition
hip dysplasia
malformation at birth
Name 2 types commercially available immobilization devices
- Pigg-o-Stat
2. Infantainer
The combination of probability & severity of harm is called ___.
Detriment
Term for high organ doses that may increase the risk of radiation-induced cancer in later life.
Long term stochastic effect
What is the primary ossification center of a bone
Diaphysis
For premature and neonate patients, room temperature should be elevated __=___ degrees
10 - 15 degrees
symbiotic means =
not fearful
Birth to 6 months
What are the 3 c’s in pediatric imaging
- Caring
- Confidence
- Competence
What is the most common x-ray in peds
Chest x-ray
What does ABC stand when evaluating neonate chest images
A- Abdomen
B-Bone
C-Chest
Skin folds on babies can be seen as densities and mimic which condition
Pnumothorax
How do you ensure maximum inspiration
Watch and take exposure during deep inspiration
Name 2 types of green stick fractures
- Torres
2. Buckle
Incomplete fracture with bulging of the periosteum
Green stick fracture
Where is the CR for a peds
1” above the umbilicus
What exam is used to evaluate for vesicoureteral reflux caused by UTI
VCUG= (fluoro peds exam)
narrowing of the pyloric canal is called
what is it’s radiographic sign
pyloric stenosis
sign: string sign
Telescoping or invagination of the intestines into itself occurs under the age of 3
Intussusception
what can correct an intussception
Ba enema
What are classic indicators of child abuse
- Distal clavicle
- Prox. humerus
- Coracoid process
Fracture that occurs when an extremity has been grabbed and twisted
Corner fracture
Fracture of the tib fib that can occur from falling down
Toddler fracture
birth fractures are common if dated with in __ days of birth
14 days
___ fracture of the elbow due to pulling
nursemaid fracture
The term stranger anxiety happens at about 8 month of age and refers to
An infants fear of strangers
The largest 3 year old’s abdomen thickness is the same as the smallest ___ year old
18
what are the age ranges for neonates
0-28 days
what are the age ranges for infants
28 days to 18 months
What are the age ranges for toddlers
18 months - 3 years
What are the age ranges for preschoolers
3-5 years
What are the age ranges for school age peds
6 to 12 years
what are the age ranges for adolescnets
12 to 18 years
Define “age of industry” and what age group does that relate to?
= period of cognitive growth
School age peds: 6- 12 years old
age of identity relates to which group
12-18 years old
age of initiative relates to which group
3- 5 years old
The most obvious differences for children as compared with adults are the methods of
positioning & immobility
rare but heritable or congenital disease of the skeletal system
Osteogenesis Imperfects ( imperfectly formed bone)
telescoping of the bowel into itsself
intussception
reflux, renal scaring or abnormalities of the urinary tract in infants and small children is termed
vesicouretal reflux
type if greenstick fracture: Incomplete fx with bulging of the periosteum
torus or buckle
gas should reach sigmod colon __ to __ hours after birth
8-9 hours after birth
A congenital anomaly of the stomach where the pyloric canal leading out of the stomach is greatly narrowed because of hypertrophy of the pyloric sphincter.
pyloric stenosis
