pediatrics

Question 1

Goal of Pediatric nutritional intervention

Answer 1

To achieve normal growth and development from infancy through adolescents to adulthood

Question 2

The three main challenges in pediatric nutrition management

Answer 2

o Metabolic needs for rapid growth
o Low nutritional reserve
o Macro and micronutrient needs reflect growth phase

Question 3

for a baby who is malnourished, the first impact will be reflected on ?

Answer 3

growth rate

Question 4

rank the energy consumption of each component: BMR, thermogenic effects, activity, growth

Answer 4

G>BMR>T>A

Question 5

7 aspects as in initial assessment

Answer 5

1. prenatal HX
2. labour, delivery and neonatal events
3. Medical Hx of Child
4. Growth Hx
5. Nutrition Hx
6. social Hx
7. Review of organ system

Question 6

tools used for anthropometric measure

Answer 6

 growth chart assessment

Question 7

what info. provided on the chart

Answer 7

weight, length/height, HC, ratio: wt for length, BMI, BW

Question 8

explain the semiline on the growth chart above 2 y.o. on WHO curve

Answer 8

• puberty varies among age and gender group
• semi-line of weight = projection (full-line: population statistics)
• clinical judgement focuses on BMI

Question 9

what syndromes has specific growth chart for now

Answer 9

• Prader-Willi syndrome
• Cornelia deLange syndrome
• Turner syndrome
• Trisomy 21 (down’s)
• Rbinstein-taybi
• Marfan
• Achondroplasia

PCTTRMA

Question 10

Interpretation of growth trends: Plateauing

Answer 10

Moderate to severe chronic malnutrition

Question 11

Interpretation of growth trends: Sharp decline

Answer 11

Acute malnutrition

Question 12

Interpretation of growth trends: Fall off 50%ile

Answer 12

Slow growth, mild chronic malnutrition, typically b/c inadequate feeding

Question 13

Interpretation of growth trends: Inclined BMI

Answer 13

Severe malnutrition: obesity

Question 14

def. Stunting or nutritional dwarfism

Answer 14

Ht < 2 SD (~95%) for age curve;

 Not necessarily associated with emaciation
 Can be sole manifestation of nutritional inadequacy

: indicator of chronical nutritional status

Question 15

DEF. Failure to thrive

Answer 15

 Wt - 2 SD below the mean of sex and age
 cross two %tile lines after having previously achieved stable growth

indicator of acute nutritional status

Question 16

what is the growth patter for the individual who has genetic short status

Answer 16

 Growth is parallel to the normal centile, but usually below 5%ile
 Final adult status is short

Question 17

what is the curve feature of the kids who has GH deficiency ?

Answer 17

after increasing nutrition intake, weight increases but not height until GH injection. Then, it will catch up to a normal growth pattern

Question 18

list 4 causes of infant characteristics associated with Failure to thrive

Answer 18

• Chronical medical condition: inadequate intake, increased metabolic rate, malabsorption
• Premature birth or IUGR
• Developmental delay
• Congenital abnormalities
• Intrauterine toxin exposure

Question 19

list 4 causes of family characteristics associated with Failure to thrive

Answer 19

• Poverty
• Unusual health and nutritional beliefs
• Social isolation
• Disordered feeding technique
• Substance abuse
• Violence or abuse