Pediatrics Flashcards
Meds down ETT
NAVEL (2-3x the dose, epi 10x!) Naloxone Atropine Valium Epinephrine Lidocaine
Shock dosage
2 J/kg, then increase to 4 J/kg
Synchronized cardioversion dose
0.5-1 J/kg initially
Pediatric Atropine dose
.02 mg/kg (minimum 0.1mg to avoid bradycardia)
when do you do CPR on baby
heart rate<60bpm
1 pathogen for croup
parainfluenza
treatment of croup 1st and 2nd line
decadron
Racemic aerosolized epinephrine
Epiglottitis in unimmunizied kid, what pathogen?
Hemophilus influenza B (HIB)
Whooping cough (bordatella pertussis)
3 stages: Catarrhal - low fever, conjunctivitis, uri
Paroxysmal stage - 2-4 weeks - whooping cough
convalescent stage - residual cough
WBC>20, Tx with erythromicin
Bronchiolitis tx
supportive, O2, beta agonist, maybe ribavarin if real bad
Most common etiology of pneumonia by age newborn 1-3 months 3-12 months 2-5 years 5-18 years
newborn - GBS
1-3 mo - s. pneumo
3 mo - 5 years RSV
>5 years - Mycoplasma pneumonia
5Ts of pediatric cardiology
Tetralogoy of fallot (most common>1 year old) Transposition (most common in newborn) Total anomalous pulm return Tricuspid atresia Truncus arteriosus
when to use prostaglandins with kids
severe outflow problem…need to keep pda open..give 0.05 mcg/kg/min - look for apnea…consider intubation
VSD murmur
holosystolic murmur at LLSB
PDA murmur
continuous machinery murmur at left clavicular area
vomiting blood or poop blood in pediatrics, where to look
look for anal fissure or nipple fissure
Bloody Diarrhea Associations Shigella E-Coli Campylobacter Yersinia Clostridium Entamoeba histolytica Salmonella
Shigella - febrile seizures
E-Coli - HUS
Campylobacter - GBS
Yersinia - RLQ pain - appendicitis
Pediatric meninigitis etiologies and treatment
<2months
>2months
<2months - E. Coli/GBS - ampicillin plus cefotaxime
>2months - S. Pneumo - ceftriaxone
RPA distances
> 6mm at C2
>22mm at C6
Most common gastroenteritis
Norwalk
Shigella can be associated with seizures
Roseola
Herpes 6
3 days of high fevers followed by rash
supportive
Rubeola (measles)
3 days of fever - toxic
conjunctivitis, koplick spots, rash maculopapular (face to truck)
Rubella
low fever, pink maculopapular rash, posterior auricular lymphadenopathy
erythema infectiosum (5th disase)
Parvovirus B19 fever - slapped cheek followed by lacey rash sickle cell - aplastic crisis pregnancy - fetal hydrops supportive
tx tinea capitus
griseofulvin
selenium sulfid shampoo
Scarlet Fever
- cause
- symptoms
- tx
Group A beta hemolyitc strep
fever, strawberry tongue, palatal petechia
sandpaper rash on body with bathing suit distribution
Desquamation
TX - penicillin VK
Varicella factoids
when does infectivity stop?
What do you avoid?
After all lesions have crusted over
Avoid ASA - AMS + ammonia level = Reyes = Death
Staph SSS
fever, irritability, erythema, bullae
IV Hydrations, IV Antibiotics
Nikolsky sign
Impetigo
S. Aureus - oral antibiotics
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever kids
pathogen
rash type
tx
Ricketsial infection
rash begins on palms/soles
chloramphenicol for kids!!!
